泰国北部烟霾事件中细粒度分馏颗粒物的来源和形成与多环芳烃和碳质成分的关系

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120845

Nuttipon Yabueng , Wittawat Insian , Somporn Chantara

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引用次数: 0

摘要

东南亚（SEA）上游的空气污染已变得十分严重，尤其是大气颗粒物。本研究旨在调查细颗粒物（FSPMs）的来源和形成，以及它们对气候的潜在影响。在泰国清迈的烟霾期（2019 年 3 月至 4 月），使用级联冲击器在清道农村（CD）和清迈城市（CM）收集了三种粒径范围（2.1-1.1 μm、1.1-0.65 μm 和 0.65-0.43 μm）的颗粒物。清道农村地区的可吸入颗粒物平均浓度（88 ± 34 μg/m³）是清迈城市地区（66 ± 26 μg/m³）的约 1.3 倍。两个地区的细颗粒物浓度都明显较高，农村 CD 检测到的细颗粒物浓度为 41 ± 17 μg/m³（占可吸入颗粒物的 46%），城市 CM 检测到的细颗粒物浓度为 27 ± 11 μg/m³（占可吸入颗粒物的 41%）。总碳（TC）浓度，包括有机碳（OC）和元素碳（EC），显示出与可吸入颗粒物相同的模式。在可吸入颗粒物样本中，特别是在细颗粒物（PM1）中，含量最高的组分包括 OC3（占 OC 总量的 32-45%）和 EC1（占 EC 总量的 91-100%），这表明生物质燃烧是主要来源。根据多环芳烃（PAHs）的诊断比率、OC/EC 比率以及一次和二次形成进行的来源分类显示，PM2.1-1.1 受生物质燃烧和二次有机碳（SOC）的影响，而 PM0.65-0.43 则源自二次有机碳和车辆排放。农村地区的 PM1.1-0.65 可能是由 SOC 和其他混合源造成的，而 SOC 和车辆排放则是城市 CM 的主要来源。在有效碳比（ECR）方面，细颗粒物的有效碳比值较低（农村CD为0.37±0.15，城市CM为0.36±0.38），这表明在东南欧上游地区的雾霾期间，细颗粒物的光吸收特性增强。

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Sources and formation of fine size-fractionated particulate matters during smoke haze episode in Northern Thailand in relation to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and carbonaceous composition

Air pollution in upper Southeast Asia (SEA) has become critical particularly regarding atmospheric particles. This study aims to investigate the sources and formation of fine size-fractionated particulate matters (FSPMs), as well as their potential impact on climate. Particulate matter in three size ranges (2.1–1.1 μm, 1.1–0.65 μm, and 0.65–0.43 μm) was collected using cascade impactors in rural Chiang Dao (CD) and urban Chiang Mai (CM) during the smoke haze period (March–April 2019) in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The average concentration of FSPM was approximately 1.3 times higher in rural CD (88 ± 34 μg/m³) than in urban CM (66 ± 26 μg/m³). Both areas showed significantly higher concentrations of finer particles, with rural CD detecting 41 ± 17 μg/m³ (46% of FSPM) and urban CM presenting 27 ± 11 μg/m³ (41% of FSPM). Total carbon (TC) concentrations, including organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC), showed the same pattern as PMs. The most abundant fractions, including OC3 (32–45% of total OC) and EC1 (91–100% of total EC) in FSPM samples, particularly in fine particles (PM1), suggest that biomass burning was the primary source. Source classification based on diagnostic ratios of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), OC/EC ratios, combined with primary and secondary formations, revealed that PM_2.1-1.1 was influenced by biomass burning and secondary organic carbon (SOC), while PM_0.65-0.43 originated from both SOC and vehicular emissions. PM_1.1-0.65 in the rural area was probably caused by SOC and other mixed sources, whereas SOC and vehicular emissions were the main source in urban CM. With respect to the effective carbon ratio (ECR), lower values were observed in finer particles (0.37 ± 0.15 in rural CD and 0.36 ± 0.38 in urban CM), suggesting enhanced light-absorbing properties of fine particulate matter during the haze period in the upper SEA region.

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来源期刊

Atmospheric Environment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

8.00%

发文量

458

审稿时长

53 days

期刊介绍： Atmospheric Environment has an open access mirror journal Atmospheric Environment: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. Atmospheric Environment is the international journal for scientists in different disciplines related to atmospheric composition and its impacts. The journal publishes scientific articles with atmospheric relevance of emissions and depositions of gaseous and particulate compounds, chemical processes and physical effects in the atmosphere, as well as impacts of the changing atmospheric composition on human health, air quality, climate change, and ecosystems.