用红豆杉生物质替代猪油和大豆油对斑马鱼（Danio rerio）生长、肌肉脂肪酸、消化酶活性、脂质代谢、肝脏和肠道健康以及肠道微生物群的影响

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI:10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102385

Dongdong Du , Xingyu Chen , Tsegay Teame , Shubin Liu , Qianwen Ding , Yuanyuan Yao , Qiang Hao , Chao Ran , Yalin Yang , Zhen Zhang , Zhigang Zhou

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引用次数: 0

摘要

微生物油作为鱼油、动物油和植物油在水产饲料中的替代品，在满足快速增长的水产养殖业对脂质来源的高需求方面具有巨大潜力。然而，将其用作水产养殖中的饲料配料并不常见。因此，在斑马鱼的饲料中，用红瘰疬（Rhodotorula toruloides，脂质含量为 51.90%）分别替代 0.00%（对照组）、9.38%（RT3）、18.75%（RT6）、37.50%（RT9）和 56.25%（RT18）水产养殖中常用的猪油和大豆油。饲喂 6 周后，与对照组相比，(1) RT9 组的 FBW 和 WGR 显著增加（p<0.05）；（2）RT9 组斑马鱼肌肉中 C18:1 和 C18:3 脂肪酸含量增加，C18:0、C18:2 和 C20:4 脂肪酸含量减少，说明饲料中脂肪酸含量影响肌肉中脂肪酸含量；（3）RT9 组斑马鱼肠道脂肪酶活性明显升高（p<0.05）；（4）RT9 组和 RT18 组斑马鱼 AST 含量明显降低（p<0.05）；（5）肝脏中 TAG 的含量在 RT6、RT9 和 RT18 组明显降低（p<0.05），可能是由于脂质合成相关基因 dgat2 下调和脂肪分解相关基因 ucp2 上调所致；（6）肠道中 il-8 的表达在 RT9 和 RT18 组明显下调（p<0.05），而抑制基因 il-10 的表达在 RT9 组显著上调（p<0.05）；（7）饲喂 R. toruloides 可降低变形杆菌和弧菌的相对丰度，而增加固着菌的丰度。总之，37.50%的R. toruloides可改善高脂饲料斑马鱼的生长、消化酶活性、肝脏健康和肠道微生物群谱，可用于替代水产饲料中其他不可持续成分的油源。

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Effects of substitution of lard oil and soybean oil with Rhodotorula toruloides biomass on growth, muscle fatty acids, digestive enzyme activities, lipid metabolism, liver and intestinal health, and gut microbiota of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Microbial oil, as an alternative to fish oil, animal and vegetable oils in aquafeeds, have a great potential to fulfil the high demand for lipid sources in the fast-growing aquaculture. However, their use as a feed ingredient in aquaculture is not common. For that, Rhodotorula toruloides (51.90 % lipid) was used to replace 0.00 % (control), 9.38 % (RT3), 18.75 % (RT6), 37.50 % (RT9), and 56.25 % (RT18) of the lard and soybean oils commonly used in aquaculture in the diet of zebrafish. After 6 weeks of feeding, compared with the control group, (1) the FBW and WGR were significantly increased (p<0.05) in RT9 group, (2) the content of C18:1 and C18:3 fatty acids were increased, while that of C18:0, C18:2, and C20:4 were decreased in the muscle of zebrafish, indicating that the fatty acid content of the feed affect the muscle content of fatty acids, (3) the intestinal lipase activity was markedly elevated in RT9 group (p<0.05), (4) in RT9 and RT18 groups the content of AST was significantly reduced (p<0.05), (5) the content of TAG in the liver was significantly reduced in RT6, RT9 and RT18 groups (p<0.05), probably due to the down-regulation of the lipid synthesis-related gene dgat2 and up-regulation of the lipolysis-related gene ucp2, (6) the expression of il-8 in the intestine was notably downregulated in RT9 and RT18 groups (p<0.05), whereas the expression of inhibitory gene il-10 was significantly upregulated in RT9 group (p<0.05), (7) feeding with R. toruloides reduced the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Vibrio spp, while increasing the abundance of Firmicutes. In sum, the replacement of R. toruloides at a level of 37.50 % can improve the growth, digestive enzyme activity, liver health and gut microbiota profile of zebrafish fed with high-fat diet and can be used to replace the oil sources from other unsustainable ingredients in aquafeed.

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来源期刊

Aquaculture Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

8.10%

发文量

469

审稿时长

77 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture Reports will publish original research papers and reviews documenting outstanding science with a regional context and focus, answering the need for high quality information on novel species, systems and regions in emerging areas of aquaculture research and development, such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, urban aquaculture, ornamental, unfed aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and others. Papers having industry research as priority and encompassing product development research or current industry practice are encouraged.