调查偏心碰撞在潜在危险小行星动能偏转方面的增量效益

IF 2.5 2区 物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在小行星动量偏转任务中,喷出物的存在会导致一种现象,即系统的动量在撞击后出现 "放大"。本文利用这一现象,通过计算模拟证明,以偏离小行星几何中心的一点为目标,可以进一步提高撞击后的碰撞效益。由于小行星的姿态和动量传递系数(β,γ)存在不确定性,本研究采用蒙特卡罗方法来解决这些不确定性。结果表明,本文提出的策略可以将小行星碰撞后相对于地球的偏转距离平均增加 81.05%,同时还将标准偏差降低了一个数量级,显著降低了偏转任务的不确定性。此外,研究结果表明,对于某些对速度Δv变化特别敏感的小行星,盲目瞄准其几何中心可使其与地球的最小距离缩短 48% 的概率。然而,本研究开发的打击策略可以避免这种负面结果。最后,根据计算结果,推导出一个统计公式来预测两种策略的相对收益,得出的结论是,对于半主轴a较小、撞击时拦截角α较大的小行星,采用本文讨论的方法收益更大。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Investigation of the incremental benefits of eccentric collisions in kinetic deflection of potentially hazardous asteroids
In asteroid momentum deflection missions, the presence of ejecta leads to a phenomenon where the system’s momentum appears “amplified” after the impact. This paper makes use of this phenomenon and demonstrates through computational simulations that targeting a point off the geometric center of an asteroid can further enhance the collisional benefit after impact. Due to uncertainties in the attitude of the asteroid and the momentum transfer coefficient (β,γ), this study employs a Monte Carlo approach to address these uncertainties. The results indicate that the strategy proposed in this paper can increase the post-collision deflection distance of the asteroid relative to Earth by an average of 81.05%, while also reducing the standard deviation by an order of magnitude, significantly lowering the uncertainty of the deflection mission. Furthermore, the results show that for certain asteroids particularly sensitive to changes in velocity Δv, blindly targeting their geometric center could result in a 48% probability of reducing the minimum distance to Earth. However, the striking strategy developed in this study can avoid this negative outcome. Finally, based on the computational results, a statistical formula is derived to predict the relative gain of the two strategies, concluding that for asteroids with smaller semi-major axes a, and the interception angle α at impact is greater, the benefits of employing the approach discussed in this paper are greater.
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来源期刊
Icarus
Icarus 地学天文-天文与天体物理
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
18.80%
发文量
356
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: Icarus is devoted to the publication of original contributions in the field of Solar System studies. Manuscripts reporting the results of new research - observational, experimental, or theoretical - concerning the astronomy, geology, meteorology, physics, chemistry, biology, and other scientific aspects of our Solar System or extrasolar systems are welcome. The journal generally does not publish papers devoted exclusively to the Sun, the Earth, celestial mechanics, meteoritics, or astrophysics. Icarus does not publish papers that provide "improved" versions of Bode''s law, or other numerical relations, without a sound physical basis. Icarus does not publish meeting announcements or general notices. Reviews, historical papers, and manuscripts describing spacecraft instrumentation may be considered, but only with prior approval of the editor. An entire issue of the journal is occasionally devoted to a single subject, usually arising from a conference on the same topic. The language of publication is English. American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these.
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