{"title":"全球快速审查应对非法烟草危害的干预措施。","authors":"Nathan Davies, Ilze Bogdanovica, Manpreet Bains, Leah Jayes, Tessa Elisabeth Langley","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-058728","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aimed to assess interventions designed to reduce harm from illicit tobacco (IT). We evaluated health outcomes, cost-effectiveness, the advantages and disadvantages of interventions, and contextual factors affecting implementation.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from January 2002 to June 2024, the grey literature and undertook backward and forward citation searches of included studies without geographical restrictions.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Eligible study types included non-randomised trials, interrupted time series, before-after studies, economic simulations and mixed-methods studies. Case studies providing outcome data linked to specific interventions were also included. Studies were screened by multiple reviewers for eligibility.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Data was extracted on geographical location and dates of interventions, descriptions of the interventions, contexts and outcome data relevant to review objectives which were checked by a second reviewer. Quality assessment was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools appropriate for each study design.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>Five studies and 16 case studies were included. These reported on a range of interventions (including track-and-trace systems, anti-counterfeit measures and communications campaigns) and outcomes (including tax revenue and population attitudes toward IT). There was some evidence for the effectiveness of track-and-trace systems. Case studies, predominantly on national-level interventions, reported decreases in IT market share and increases in tax revenue suggesting potential benefits of multicomponent strategies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is promising limited evidence for interventions to tackle IT but they are seldom systematically evaluated. Comprehensive, independent evaluations are required to support policymaking and avoid tobacco industry influence in IT research.</p><p><strong>Prospero registration number: </strong>CRD42023452732.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Global rapid review of interventions to tackle the harms of illicit tobacco.\",\"authors\":\"Nathan Davies, Ilze Bogdanovica, Manpreet Bains, Leah Jayes, Tessa Elisabeth Langley\",\"doi\":\"10.1136/tc-2024-058728\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aimed to assess interventions designed to reduce harm from illicit tobacco (IT). We evaluated health outcomes, cost-effectiveness, the advantages and disadvantages of interventions, and contextual factors affecting implementation.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from January 2002 to June 2024, the grey literature and undertook backward and forward citation searches of included studies without geographical restrictions.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Eligible study types included non-randomised trials, interrupted time series, before-after studies, economic simulations and mixed-methods studies. Case studies providing outcome data linked to specific interventions were also included. Studies were screened by multiple reviewers for eligibility.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Data was extracted on geographical location and dates of interventions, descriptions of the interventions, contexts and outcome data relevant to review objectives which were checked by a second reviewer. Quality assessment was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools appropriate for each study design.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>Five studies and 16 case studies were included. These reported on a range of interventions (including track-and-trace systems, anti-counterfeit measures and communications campaigns) and outcomes (including tax revenue and population attitudes toward IT). There was some evidence for the effectiveness of track-and-trace systems. Case studies, predominantly on national-level interventions, reported decreases in IT market share and increases in tax revenue suggesting potential benefits of multicomponent strategies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is promising limited evidence for interventions to tackle IT but they are seldom systematically evaluated. Comprehensive, independent evaluations are required to support policymaking and avoid tobacco industry influence in IT research.</p><p><strong>Prospero registration number: </strong>CRD42023452732.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":23145,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Tobacco Control\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Tobacco Control\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-058728\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Tobacco Control","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-058728","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH","Score":null,"Total":0}
Global rapid review of interventions to tackle the harms of illicit tobacco.
Objective: This review aimed to assess interventions designed to reduce harm from illicit tobacco (IT). We evaluated health outcomes, cost-effectiveness, the advantages and disadvantages of interventions, and contextual factors affecting implementation.
Data sources: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from January 2002 to June 2024, the grey literature and undertook backward and forward citation searches of included studies without geographical restrictions.
Study selection: Eligible study types included non-randomised trials, interrupted time series, before-after studies, economic simulations and mixed-methods studies. Case studies providing outcome data linked to specific interventions were also included. Studies were screened by multiple reviewers for eligibility.
Data extraction: Data was extracted on geographical location and dates of interventions, descriptions of the interventions, contexts and outcome data relevant to review objectives which were checked by a second reviewer. Quality assessment was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools appropriate for each study design.
Data synthesis: Five studies and 16 case studies were included. These reported on a range of interventions (including track-and-trace systems, anti-counterfeit measures and communications campaigns) and outcomes (including tax revenue and population attitudes toward IT). There was some evidence for the effectiveness of track-and-trace systems. Case studies, predominantly on national-level interventions, reported decreases in IT market share and increases in tax revenue suggesting potential benefits of multicomponent strategies.
Conclusions: There is promising limited evidence for interventions to tackle IT but they are seldom systematically evaluated. Comprehensive, independent evaluations are required to support policymaking and avoid tobacco industry influence in IT research.
期刊介绍：
Tobacco Control is an international peer-reviewed journal covering the nature and consequences of tobacco use worldwide; tobacco''s effects on population health, the economy, the environment, and society; efforts to prevent and control the global tobacco epidemic through population-level education and policy changes; the ethical dimensions of tobacco control policies; and the activities of the tobacco industry and its allies.
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