对全球小麦面板的分析揭示了高度多样化的引种景观,并提供了同源染色体间重组的证据。

IF 4.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Matthias Heuberger, Zoe Bernasconi, Mahmoud Said, Esther Jung, Gerhard Herren, Victoria Widrig, Hana Šimková, Beat Keller, Javier Sánchez-Martín, Thomas Wicker
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引用次数: 0

摘要

关键信息:本研究强调了稀有引种的农艺学潜力,染色体 7D 上白粉病抗性的主要 QTL 就证明了这一点。它进一步显示了小麦同源染色体间重组的证据。对农业具有重要意义的基因往往是从近缘的供体物种或陆地品系中导入到作物中的。众所周知,六倍体面包小麦(Triticum aestivum)的基因库中含有大量此类 "外来 "导入基因。最近建立的高质量参考基因组序列可以预测外来染色体区域的大小、频率和特征。在这里,我们利用来自 WHEALBI 数据库的外显子组捕获数据描述了面包小麦中染色体外源区的特征。我们在 434 个小麦品种中发现了 24,981 个至少 2 Mb 的假定导入片段。对最常见的导入片段进行的详细研究发现,T. timopheevii 或其近缘种是最常见的供体物种。重要的是,118 个至少 10 Mb 的导入片段是单个小麦品种所独有的,这表明需要对大群体进行研究,以评估小麦泛基因组的总体多样性。在一个案例中,染色体 7D 中的一个 14 Mb 的外显子为栽培品种 Pamukale 所独有,通过 QTL 测绘显示该外显子含有一个隐性白粉病抗性基因。我们确定了多个事件,其中一个亚基因组的远端染色体片段在基因组中被复制,并取代了另一个亚基因组中的同源片段。我们认为这些例子是同源基因间重组的结果。我们的研究编制了一份广泛的小麦引种景观目录,为小麦育种提供了资源。值得注意的是,我们发现小麦基因库中包含大量罕见但潜在重要的引种和染色体重排,这对未来的育种工作具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Analysis of a global wheat panel reveals a highly diverse introgression landscape and provides evidence for inter-homoeologue chromosomal recombination.

Key message: This study highlights the agronomic potential of rare introgressions, as demonstrated by a major QTL for powdery mildew resistance on chromosome 7D. It further shows evidence for inter-homoeologue recombination in wheat. Agriculturally important genes are often introgressed into crops from closely related donor species or landraces. The gene pool of hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is known to contain numerous such "alien" introgressions. Recently established high-quality reference genome sequences allow prediction of the size, frequency and identity of introgressed chromosome regions. Here, we characterise chromosomal introgressions in bread wheat using exome capture data from the WHEALBI collection. We identified 24,981 putative introgression segments of at least 2 Mb across 434 wheat accessions. Detailed study of the most frequent introgressions identified T. timopheevii or its close relatives as a frequent donor species. Importantly, 118 introgressions of at least 10 Mb were exclusive to single wheat accessions, revealing that large populations need to be studied to assess the total diversity of the wheat pangenome. In one case, a 14 Mb introgression in chromosome 7D, exclusive to cultivar Pamukale, was shown by QTL mapping to harbour a recessive powdery mildew resistance gene. We identified multiple events where distal chromosomal segments of one subgenome were duplicated in the genome and replaced the homoeologous segment in another subgenome. We propose that these examples are the results of inter-homoeologue recombination. Our study produced an extensive catalogue of the wheat introgression landscape, providing a resource for wheat breeding. Of note, the finding that the wheat gene pool contains numerous rare, but potentially important introgressions and chromosomal rearrangements has implications for future breeding.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
7.40%
发文量
241
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Theoretical and Applied Genetics publishes original research and review articles in all key areas of modern plant genetics, plant genomics and plant biotechnology. All work needs to have a clear genetic component and significant impact on plant breeding. Theoretical considerations are only accepted in combination with new experimental data and/or if they indicate a relevant application in plant genetics or breeding. Emphasizing the practical, the journal focuses on research into leading crop plants and articles presenting innovative approaches.
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