Current status and hotspots of in vitro oocyte maturation: a bibliometric study of the past two decades.

Purpose: In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes is a promising technique among assisted reproductive technologies. Although IVM has been used for many years, its efficiency is still relatively low compared to that of traditional in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures. Therefore, we aimed to explore the hotspots and frontiers of IVM research over the past two decades and provide direction for IVM advancement.

Methods: The articles and reviews related to IVM in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) were retrieved on June 03, 2024. Three bibliometric tools, VOSviewer 1.6.18 (2010), CiteSpace 6.1. R6 (2006), and Bibliometrix R package 4.1.0 (2017), were used to generate network maps and explore knowledge frontiers and trends. To uncover the latest research advancements and frontiers in the IVM field, we conducted an analysis of the entire IVM field, including all species. Given our focus on human IVM developments, we identified the leading countries, institutions, authors, and journals driving progress in human IVM.

Results: A total of 5150 publications about IVM and 1534 publications in the specific context of human IVM were retrieved from the WoSCC. The number of publications on both overall IVM and human IVM fields has increased steadily. In human IVM, the United States (USA) and McGill University were the most prolific country and institution, respectively. Human Reproduction was both the most published in and the most cited journal in human IVM. Seang Lin, Tan was the most productive author, and Ri-Cheng, Chian's papers were the most cited in human IVM. Furthermore, five hotspot topics were summarized, namely, culture system, supplementation, cooperation in the ovarian follicle, gene expression, and oocyte cryopreservation.

Conclusions: Further studies could concentrate on the following topics: (1) the mechanisms involved in oocyte maturation in vivo and in vitro, especially in energy metabolism and intercellular communications; (2) the establishment of IVM culture systems, including standardization of the biphasic IVM culture system and supplementation; (3) the genetic differences between oocytes matured in vivo and in vitro; and (4) the mechanism of cryopreservation-inflicted damage and solutions to this challenge. For human IVM, it is necessary to precisely assess the developmental stages of oocytes and adjust the IVM process accordingly to develop tailored culture media. Concurrently, clinical trials are essential for evaluating the effectiveness and safety of IVM.