Gholam Reza Valizadeh, Mohammad Mahdi Mahboubian, Amir Hossein Maghsoud, Fatemeh Mirzaei, Seyedmousa Motavalli Haghi, Faezeh Foroughi Parvar, Mohammad Fallah
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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：弓形虫是全球最常见的寄生虫之一。找到对孕妇和新生儿有效且危害较小的潜在新药非常重要。我们研究了纳米乳剂米替福新（NEM）治疗实验性急性和慢性弓形虫病的方法：方法：采用三醋精、吐温 80 和乙醇（1:2）的组合来开发 NEM 制剂。通过 DLS 和 TEM 计算，NEM 的尺寸为 17.463 nm。为了研究米替福新（MLF）、NEM、磺胺嘧啶（SDZ）和嘧啶胺（PYR）（阳性对照）在体内的表现，通过腹腔注射 RH 株速殖子囊虫诱导小鼠患上急性弓形虫病。五天后，检查小鼠体内弓形虫的数量和状况以及肝脏和脾脏的组织病理学变化。对大鼠的慢性弓形虫病进行了研究，评估了不同组别脑囊肿的数量和大小以及组织病理学变化：结果：对急性弓形虫病药物的体内评估结果显示，在减少速殖体数量和提高存活率方面，药物的作用顺序如下：SDZ&PPYR>NEM>MLF。药物对慢性弓形虫病的影响显示，与SDZ&PYR（10%）和MLF（12%）相比，NEM（50%）对减少囊肿数量有显著效果，与SDZ&PYR（5%）和MLF（8%）相比，NEM脑囊肿的大小减少了21%：结论：增加NEM通过血脑屏障（BBB）的穿透力，进而减少淋球菌组织囊肿的数量和大小，是治疗慢性弓形虫病的一种很有前景的新药。
Effectiveness of Miltefosine Nanoemulsion Concerning the Treatment of Acute and Chronic Toxoplasmosis: In Vivo Study.
Background: Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most common parasites worldwide. It is of great importance to identify new potential drugs that are effective and less harmful in pregnant women and newborns. We investigated nanoemulsion miltefosine (NEM) in treating experimental acute and chronic toxoplasmosis.
Methods: A combination of triacetin, Tween 80, and ethanol (1:2) was used for the development of NEM formulations. The size of NEM was calculated to be 17.463 nm by DLS and TEM. To investigate the performance of miltefosine (MLF), NEM, sulfadiazine (SDZ), and pyrimethamine (PYR) (positive control) in vivo, acute toxoplasmosis was induced in mice by an intraperitoneal injection of RH strain tachyzoites. After five days, the mice were examined for the number and condition of tachyzoites and histopathological changes in the liver and spleen. Chronic toxoplasmosis was investigated in rats and the number and size of brain cysts along with histopathological changes were assessed in different groups.
Results: The results of the in vivo assessment of drugs in acute toxoplasmosis showed the following order regarding a decrease in the number of tachyzoites and an increase in survival rate: SDZ&PYR > NEM > MLF. The effects of drugs on chronic toxoplasmosis showed a significant effect of NEM (50%) on reducing the number of cysts compared to SDZ&PYR (10%) and MLF (12%) and reducing the size of NEM brain cysts (21%) compared to SDZ&PYR (5 %) and MLF (8%).
Conclusion: Increasing the penetration of NEM through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and subsequently reducing the number and size of T. gondii tissue cysts is a promising new drug in treating chronic toxoplasmosis.
期刊介绍：
Iranian Journal of Parasitology (IJP) is the official publication of Iranian Society of Parasitology (ISP) launched in 2006. The society was inaugurated in 1994 and pursues the improvement of the knowledge on the parasites and parasitic diseases, exchange of scientific knowledge with foreign societies, publicity activities, and consultation on the parasitic diseases, and intimate relationship among society members.
The main aims of the Journal are: contribution to the field of Parasitology, including all aspects of parasites and parasitic diseases (medical and veterinary) and related fields such as Entomology which may be submitted by scientists from Iran and all over the world.
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