社会决定因素对澳大利亚青少年心理健康不断变化的影响。

IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY
David G Baker, Mengmeng Wang, Kate M Filia, Shu Mei Teo, Rikki Morgan, Myriam Ziou, Pat McGorry, Vivienne Browne, Caroline X Gao
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:大多数终生精神疾病都是从 25 岁开始的,近年来年轻人的患病率一直在上升。我们试图通过分析澳大利亚的纵向数据集(2007 年至 2021 年的数据)来了解社会决定因素对这一增长的影响(如果有的话):分析的重点是五个社会决定因素:孤独和缺乏社会支持、家庭关系、参与教育和就业、领取政府福利以及相对社会经济地位。我们分析了 2007 年至 2021 年间自我报告的心理困扰的横截面变化(使用 Kessler-10 项目;K10 分数),并使用加权线性回归模型研究了这五个社会决定因素对心理困扰的影响:我们发现,从 2007 年到 2021 年,澳大利亚人的心理压力明显增加,其中 15 至 25 岁人群的增幅最大,K10 高分和极高分人群的比例增加了一倍多。在此期间,孤独、缺乏社会支持以及家庭关系不和等社会决定因素的发生率也有所上升,尤其是在 COVID-19 大流行后的 2021 年。回归模型显示,孤独和缺乏社会支持对心理困扰的影响最为明显,且呈上升趋势,其次是不良的家庭关系:所观察到的心理困扰和相关社会决定因素(尤其是年轻人的孤独感和缺乏社会支持)的显著和持续增加,凸显了采取综合行动的迫切需要。需要开展协调研究和社区活动,提供以个人、人际和社会为重点的干预措施,以整体方法支持社会心理健康。政策制定者必须全面转变政治承诺,采取整体政府方法来应对这些挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The changing impacts of social determinants on youth mental health in Australia.

Aims: Most lifetime mental health disorders begin by age 25 years, and the prevalence among young people has been increasing over recent years. We sought to understand what impact, if any, social determinants have had on this increase through the analysis of an Australian longitudinal dataset (with data from 2007 to 2021).

Methods: The analysis focused on five social determinants: loneliness and lack of social support, family relationships, participation in education and employment, receipt of government benefits and relative socio-economic status. We analysed cross-sectional changes in self-reported psychological distress between 2007 and 2021 (using the Kessler-10 item; K10 scores) and examined the effects of these five social determinants on psychological distress using weighted linear regression models.

Results: We identified a significant increase in psychological distress among Australians from 2007 to 2021, with the sharpest rise among those aged 15 to 25 years, who saw more than doubling in the percentage of high and very high K10. This period also saw an increase in the prevalence of social determinants such as loneliness and lack of social support, as well as poor family relationships, particularly in 2021 post COVID-19 pandemic. Regression models suggest loneliness and lack of social support had the most pronounced and increasing impact on psychological distress, followed by poor family relationships.

Discussion: The observed significant and steady increases in psychological distress and related social determinant factors, particularly loneliness and lack of social support among young people, highlight the urgent need for comprehensive actions. Coordinated research and community-based initiatives are needed to deliver intrapersonal, interpersonal and socially-focused interventions with a holistic approach to support psychosocial wellbeing. Policymakers must adopt a comprehensive shift in political commitment and a whole-of-government approach to address these challenges.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.30
自引率
1.30%
发文量
120
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, established in 1954, is a leading publication dedicated to the field of social psychiatry. It serves as a platform for the exchange of research findings and discussions on the influence of social, environmental, and cultural factors on mental health and well-being. The journal is particularly relevant to psychiatrists and multidisciplinary professionals globally who are interested in understanding the broader context of psychiatric disorders and their impact on individuals and communities. Social psychiatry, as a discipline, focuses on the origins and outcomes of mental health issues within a social framework, recognizing the interplay between societal structures and individual mental health. The journal draws connections with related fields such as social anthropology, cultural psychiatry, and sociology, and is influenced by the latest developments in these areas. The journal also places a special emphasis on fast-track publication for brief communications, ensuring that timely and significant research can be disseminated quickly. Additionally, it strives to reflect its international readership by publishing state-of-the-art reviews from various regions around the world, showcasing the diverse practices and perspectives within the psychiatric disciplines. This approach not only contributes to the scientific understanding of social psychiatry but also supports the global exchange of knowledge and best practices in mental health care.
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