Qian-Ni Huang, Fumio Watanabe, Kyohei Koseki, Rui-En He, Hui-Ling Lee, Tina H T Chiu
{"title":"烤紫菜对素食者维生素 B12 营养状况的影响：剂量反应试验。","authors":"Qian-Ni Huang, Fumio Watanabe, Kyohei Koseki, Rui-En He, Hui-Ling Lee, Tina H T Chiu","doi":"10.1007/s00394-024-03505-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the bioavailability of vitamin B<sub>12</sub> from nori and to evaluate the required dosage for improving vitamin B<sub>12</sub> nutritional status in vegetarians not using supplements.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study design is an open-label, parallel, dose-response randomized controlled trial. Thirty vegetarians were assigned to control (no nori), low-dose (5 g nori, aiming to provide 2.4 µg vitamin B<sub>12</sub> per day), or high-dose (8 g nori, aiming to provide 4 µg vitamin B<sub>12</sub> per day) groups. The primary outcome was changes in vitamin B<sub>12</sub> status as measured by serum vitamin B<sub>12</sub>, holotranscobalamin (holoTC), homocysteine (Hcy), and methylmalonic acid (MMA), and a combined score of these four markers (4cB12 score) during the four-week intervention. Dietary vitamin B<sub>12</sub> intakes were assessed at baseline and end of the trial with a 17-item food frequency questionnaire designed for vitamin B<sub>12</sub> assessment. General linear model was used to compare least square means of changes in each biomarker of vitamin B<sub>12</sub> status, among the three groups, while adjusting for respective baseline biomarker.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for baseline status, nori consumption led to significant improvement in serum vitamin B<sub>12</sub> (among-group P-value = 0.0029), holoTC (P = 0.0127), Hcy (P = 0.0225), and 4cB12 (P = 0.0094). Changes in MMA did not differ significantly across groups, but showed within-group pre-post improvement in the low-dose group (median [p25, p75] = -339 [-461, -198] nmol/L). Vitamin B<sub>12</sub> status appeared to plateau at low dose (5 g of nori), which compared with control group, improved serum vitamin B<sub>12</sub> (lease square mean [95% CI] = + 59 [25, 93] pmol/L, P = 0.0014); holoTC (+ 28.2 [10.1, 46.3] pmol/L, P = 0.0035); Hcy (-3.7 [-6.8, -0.6] µmol/L, p = 0.0226); and 4cB12 score (+ 0.67 [0.24, 1.09], p = 0.0036). High-dose resulted in similar improvements. There was no significant difference between low-dose and high-dose groups in all biomarkers of vitamin B<sub>12</sub>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Consuming 5 g of nori per day for 4 weeks significantly improved vitamin B<sub>12</sub> status in vegetarians. A higher dose (8 g) may not confer additional benefits.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05614960. Date of registration: November 14th 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":12030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"3269-3279"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11519184/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of roasted purple laver (nori) on vitamin B<sub>12</sub> nutritional status of vegetarians: a dose-response trial.\",\"authors\":\"Qian-Ni Huang, Fumio Watanabe, Kyohei Koseki, Rui-En He, Hui-Ling Lee, Tina H T Chiu\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s00394-024-03505-9\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the bioavailability of vitamin B<sub>12</sub> from nori and to evaluate the required dosage for improving vitamin B<sub>12</sub> nutritional status in vegetarians not using supplements.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study design is an open-label, parallel, dose-response randomized controlled trial. Thirty vegetarians were assigned to control (no nori), low-dose (5 g nori, aiming to provide 2.4 µg vitamin B<sub>12</sub> per day), or high-dose (8 g nori, aiming to provide 4 µg vitamin B<sub>12</sub> per day) groups. The primary outcome was changes in vitamin B<sub>12</sub> status as measured by serum vitamin B<sub>12</sub>, holotranscobalamin (holoTC), homocysteine (Hcy), and methylmalonic acid (MMA), and a combined score of these four markers (4cB12 score) during the four-week intervention. Dietary vitamin B<sub>12</sub> intakes were assessed at baseline and end of the trial with a 17-item food frequency questionnaire designed for vitamin B<sub>12</sub> assessment. General linear model was used to compare least square means of changes in each biomarker of vitamin B<sub>12</sub> status, among the three groups, while adjusting for respective baseline biomarker.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for baseline status, nori consumption led to significant improvement in serum vitamin B<sub>12</sub> (among-group P-value = 0.0029), holoTC (P = 0.0127), Hcy (P = 0.0225), and 4cB12 (P = 0.0094). Changes in MMA did not differ significantly across groups, but showed within-group pre-post improvement in the low-dose group (median [p25, p75] = -339 [-461, -198] nmol/L). Vitamin B<sub>12</sub> status appeared to plateau at low dose (5 g of nori), which compared with control group, improved serum vitamin B<sub>12</sub> (lease square mean [95% CI] = + 59 [25, 93] pmol/L, P = 0.0014); holoTC (+ 28.2 [10.1, 46.3] pmol/L, P = 0.0035); Hcy (-3.7 [-6.8, -0.6] µmol/L, p = 0.0226); and 4cB12 score (+ 0.67 [0.24, 1.09], p = 0.0036). High-dose resulted in similar improvements. There was no significant difference between low-dose and high-dose groups in all biomarkers of vitamin B<sub>12</sub>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Consuming 5 g of nori per day for 4 weeks significantly improved vitamin B<sub>12</sub> status in vegetarians. A higher dose (8 g) may not confer additional benefits.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05614960. Date of registration: November 14th 2022.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12030,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"European Journal of Nutrition\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"3269-3279\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-12-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11519184/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"European Journal of Nutrition\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-024-03505-9\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/10/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"NUTRITION & DIETETICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European Journal of Nutrition","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-024-03505-9","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/10/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effect of roasted purple laver (nori) on vitamin B12 nutritional status of vegetarians: a dose-response trial.
Purpose: To investigate the bioavailability of vitamin B12 from nori and to evaluate the required dosage for improving vitamin B12 nutritional status in vegetarians not using supplements.
Methods: The study design is an open-label, parallel, dose-response randomized controlled trial. Thirty vegetarians were assigned to control (no nori), low-dose (5 g nori, aiming to provide 2.4 µg vitamin B12 per day), or high-dose (8 g nori, aiming to provide 4 µg vitamin B12 per day) groups. The primary outcome was changes in vitamin B12 status as measured by serum vitamin B12, holotranscobalamin (holoTC), homocysteine (Hcy), and methylmalonic acid (MMA), and a combined score of these four markers (4cB12 score) during the four-week intervention. Dietary vitamin B12 intakes were assessed at baseline and end of the trial with a 17-item food frequency questionnaire designed for vitamin B12 assessment. General linear model was used to compare least square means of changes in each biomarker of vitamin B12 status, among the three groups, while adjusting for respective baseline biomarker.
Results: After adjusting for baseline status, nori consumption led to significant improvement in serum vitamin B12 (among-group P-value = 0.0029), holoTC (P = 0.0127), Hcy (P = 0.0225), and 4cB12 (P = 0.0094). Changes in MMA did not differ significantly across groups, but showed within-group pre-post improvement in the low-dose group (median [p25, p75] = -339 [-461, -198] nmol/L). Vitamin B12 status appeared to plateau at low dose (5 g of nori), which compared with control group, improved serum vitamin B12 (lease square mean [95% CI] = + 59 [25, 93] pmol/L, P = 0.0014); holoTC (+ 28.2 [10.1, 46.3] pmol/L, P = 0.0035); Hcy (-3.7 [-6.8, -0.6] µmol/L, p = 0.0226); and 4cB12 score (+ 0.67 [0.24, 1.09], p = 0.0036). High-dose resulted in similar improvements. There was no significant difference between low-dose and high-dose groups in all biomarkers of vitamin B12.
Conclusions: Consuming 5 g of nori per day for 4 weeks significantly improved vitamin B12 status in vegetarians. A higher dose (8 g) may not confer additional benefits.
Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05614960. Date of registration: November 14th 2022.
期刊介绍：
The European Journal of Nutrition publishes original papers, reviews, and short communications in the nutritional sciences. The manuscripts submitted to the European Journal of Nutrition should have their major focus on the impact of nutrients and non-nutrients on
immunology and inflammation,
gene expression,
metabolism,
chronic diseases, or
carcinogenesis,
or a major focus on
epidemiology, including intervention studies with healthy subjects and with patients,
biofunctionality of food and food components, or
the impact of diet on the environment.
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