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引用次数: 0
摘要
毛细管电泳(CE)是一种功能强大的分析技术,具有分离效率高(分辨系数超过 1.5)、样品消耗量少(小于 10 µL)、成本效益高以及环保(减少溶剂使用和降低操作成本)等优点。然而,CE 也面临着一些限制,包括对低浓度样品的检测灵敏度有限以及复杂生物基质的干扰。在进行 CE 分析之前,通常会使用固相微萃取(SPME)和液相微萃取(LPME)等样品制备程序,以提高分析的灵敏度和选择性。最近,新型材料的开发取得了进展,它们有可能大大提高 SPME 和 LPME 的性能。本综述探讨了各种材料及其与 CE 结合后在微萃取中的应用。这些材料包括碳纳米管、共价有机框架、金属有机框架、石墨烯及其衍生物、分子印迹聚合物、层状双氢氧化物、离子液体和深共晶溶剂。目前正在研究如何在萃取方法中使用这些创新材料。利用一系列样品基质的分析物回收率和检测限来评估它们对萃取选择性、灵敏度和效率的影响。探索用于样品制备技术的新材料非常重要,因为它能使研究人员解决目前 CE 的局限性。新型材料的开发有可能大大提高萃取选择性、灵敏度和效率,从而改善 CE 在复杂生物分析中的性能。
Reshaping Capillary Electrophoresis With State-of-the-Art Sample Preparation Materials: Exploring New Horizons.
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a powerful analysis technique with advantages such as high separation efficiency with resolution factors above 1.5, low sample consumption of less than 10 µL, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness such as reduced solvent use and lower operational costs. However, CE also faces limitations, including limited detection sensitivity for low-concentration samples and interference from complex biological matrices. Prior to performing CE, it is common to utilize sample preparation procedures such as solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) in order to improve the sensitivity and selectivity of the analysis. Recently, there have been advancements in the development of novel materials that have the potential to greatly enhance the performance of SPME and LPME. This review examines various materials and their uses in microextraction when combined with CE. These materials include carbon nanotubes, covalent organic frameworks, metal-organic frameworks, graphene and its derivatives, molecularly imprinted polymers, layered double hydroxides, ionic liquids, and deep eutectic solvents. The utilization of these innovative materials in extraction methods is being examined. Analyte recoveries and detection limits attained for a range of sample matrices are used to assess their effects on extraction selectivity, sensitivity, and efficiency. Exploring new materials for use in sample preparation techniques is important as it enables researchers to address current limitations of CE. The development of novel materials has the potential to greatly enhance extraction selectivity, sensitivity, and efficiency, thereby improving CE performance for complex biological analysis.
期刊介绍:
ELECTROPHORESIS is an international journal that publishes original manuscripts on all aspects of electrophoresis, and liquid phase separations (e.g., HPLC, micro- and nano-LC, UHPLC, micro- and nano-fluidics, liquid-phase micro-extractions, etc.).
Topics include new or improved analytical and preparative methods, sample preparation, development of theory, and innovative applications of electrophoretic and liquid phase separations methods in the study of nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates natural products, pharmaceuticals, food analysis, environmental species and other compounds of importance to the life sciences.
Papers in the areas of microfluidics and proteomics, which are not limited to electrophoresis-based methods, will also be accepted for publication. Contributions focused on hyphenated and omics techniques are also of interest. Proteomics is within the scope, if related to its fundamentals and new technical approaches. Proteomics applications are only considered in particular cases.
Papers describing the application of standard electrophoretic methods will not be considered.
Papers on nanoanalysis intended for publication in ELECTROPHORESIS should focus on one or more of the following topics:
• Nanoscale electrokinetics and phenomena related to electric double layer and/or confinement in nano-sized geometry
• Single cell and subcellular analysis
• Nanosensors and ultrasensitive detection aspects (e.g., involving quantum dots, "nanoelectrodes" or nanospray MS)
• Nanoscale/nanopore DNA sequencing (next generation sequencing)
• Micro- and nanoscale sample preparation
• Nanoparticles and cells analyses by dielectrophoresis
• Separation-based analysis using nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanowires.