压力与抑郁中的神经免疫相互作用:探索神经炎症与抑郁症关系中的分子和细胞机制。

IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Alexey Sarapultsev, Evgenii Gusev, Valeriy Chereshnev, Maria Komelkova, Desheng Hu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:压力和抑郁在全球造成的负担日益加重,这凸显出迫切需要揭示其复杂的相互关系和内在机制。本研究深入探讨了压力和抑郁之间错综复杂的动态关系,重点研究了神经免疫炎症压力模型(NIIS),该模型阐明了细胞和分子通路在介导这些病症中的关键作用:本研究通过对流行病学、神经生物学和精神神经免疫学方面的文献进行详尽回顾,总结了当前对压力和抑郁症的认识。它强调了 NIIS 模型的定义范围、相互作用和复杂性,该模型将神经免疫-炎症反应纳入了压力-抑郁相互作用的概念框架:结果:通过将压力确定为对感知到的逆境的多因素反应,将抑郁确定为长期压力暴露的一种表现形式,我们的分析突出了 NIIS 模型。这一范例模型揭示了从正常应激反应到病理性神经炎症途径的转变,强调了神经递质失衡、神经元和神经胶质细胞平衡紊乱以及随之而来的低级神经炎症是慢性应激条件下抑郁症发病机制的关键因素。NIIS 模型认为,神经元和小胶质细胞的长期细胞促炎应激是许多神经精神疾病的基本病理子系统。反过来,神经炎症和相关的神经退行性过程是慢性精神情绪应激的并发症,在临床上可表现为抑郁症:NIIS模型将抑郁症视为慢性压力的终结阶段,与潜在的神经炎症存在病理联系。这一观点不仅加深了我们对抑郁症发病机制的理解,还为制定精确的治疗干预措施铺平了道路。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Neuroimmune Interactions in Stress and Depression: Exploring the Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms within the Neuroinflammation-depression Nexus.

Background: The escalating global burden of stress and depression underscores an urgent need to unravel their complex interrelationships and underlying mechanisms. This investigation delves into the intricate dynamics between stress and depression, spotlighting the Neuroimmunoinflammatory Stress Model (NIIS), which elucidates the pivotal role of cellular and molecular pathways in mediating these conditions.

Methods: Through an exhaustive review of literature spanning epidemiology, neurobiology, and psychoneuroimmunology, this study synthesizes the current understanding of stress and depression. It accentuates the definitional scopes, interplay, and intricacies of the NIIS model, which integrates neuroimmune-inflammatory responses into the conceptual framework of the stress-depression interaction.

Results: By identifying stress as a multifactorial reaction to perceived adversities and depression as a manifestation of prolonged stress exposure, our analysis foregrounds the NIIS model. This paradigmatic model reveals the transition from normal stress responses to pathological neuroinflammatory pathways, highlighting neurotransmitter imbalances, disruptions in neuronal and glial homeostasis, and ensuing low-grade neuroinflammation as key factors in the pathogenesis of depression under chronic stress conditions. The NIIS model identifies prolonged cellular pro-inflammatory stress of neurons and microglia as a fundamental pathological subsystem of many neuropsychiatric disorders. In turn, neuroinflammation and associated neurodegenerative processes are complications of chronic psychoemotional stress, which can clinically manifest as depression.

Conclusions: The NIIS model views depression as the terminal stage of chronic stress, pathogenetically linked to latent neuroinflammation. This insight not only advances our understanding of their etiopathogenesis but also paves the way for developing precise therapeutic interventions.

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来源期刊
Current medicinal chemistry
Current medicinal chemistry 医学-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
8.60
自引率
2.40%
发文量
468
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Aims & Scope Current Medicinal Chemistry covers all the latest and outstanding developments in medicinal chemistry and rational drug design. Each issue contains a series of timely in-depth reviews and guest edited thematic issues written by leaders in the field covering a range of the current topics in medicinal chemistry. The journal also publishes reviews on recent patents. Current Medicinal Chemistry is an essential journal for every medicinal chemist who wishes to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and most important developments.
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