{"title":"超声波、造影剂增强超声波与肾盂肾炎:叙述性综述。","authors":"Andrea Boccatonda, Roberta Stupia, Carla Serra","doi":"10.5527/wjn.v13.i3.98300","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is a bacterial infection resulting in kidney inflammation, typically arising as a complication of an ascending urinary tract infection that ascends from the bladder to the kidneys. Clinical diagnosis is generally based on clinical and laboratory findings. Recent guidelines recommend not performing diagnostic imaging unless a complicated APN is suspected or the infection affects high-risk patients such as the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, or diabetics. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a valuable tool in both the diagnosis and follow-up of APN. It aids in distinguishing small simple nephritic involvement from abscess complications and monitoring their evolution over time during antibiotic therapy. Given its lack of ionizing radiation and nephrotoxicity, CEUS is a valid diagnostic modality for approaching and monitoring pyelonephritis, improving early identification and characterization of inflammatory lesions. This review aims to summarize the main evidence on the use of ultrasound and CEUS in the diagnosis of APN and its follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":94272,"journal":{"name":"World journal of nephrology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439092/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound and pyelonephritis: A narrative review.\",\"authors\":\"Andrea Boccatonda, Roberta Stupia, Carla Serra\",\"doi\":\"10.5527/wjn.v13.i3.98300\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is a bacterial infection resulting in kidney inflammation, typically arising as a complication of an ascending urinary tract infection that ascends from the bladder to the kidneys. Clinical diagnosis is generally based on clinical and laboratory findings. Recent guidelines recommend not performing diagnostic imaging unless a complicated APN is suspected or the infection affects high-risk patients such as the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, or diabetics. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a valuable tool in both the diagnosis and follow-up of APN. It aids in distinguishing small simple nephritic involvement from abscess complications and monitoring their evolution over time during antibiotic therapy. Given its lack of ionizing radiation and nephrotoxicity, CEUS is a valid diagnostic modality for approaching and monitoring pyelonephritis, improving early identification and characterization of inflammatory lesions. This review aims to summarize the main evidence on the use of ultrasound and CEUS in the diagnosis of APN and its follow-up.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":94272,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"World journal of nephrology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439092/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"World journal of nephrology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.5527/wjn.v13.i3.98300\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"World journal of nephrology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5527/wjn.v13.i3.98300","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound and pyelonephritis: A narrative review.
Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is a bacterial infection resulting in kidney inflammation, typically arising as a complication of an ascending urinary tract infection that ascends from the bladder to the kidneys. Clinical diagnosis is generally based on clinical and laboratory findings. Recent guidelines recommend not performing diagnostic imaging unless a complicated APN is suspected or the infection affects high-risk patients such as the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, or diabetics. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a valuable tool in both the diagnosis and follow-up of APN. It aids in distinguishing small simple nephritic involvement from abscess complications and monitoring their evolution over time during antibiotic therapy. Given its lack of ionizing radiation and nephrotoxicity, CEUS is a valid diagnostic modality for approaching and monitoring pyelonephritis, improving early identification and characterization of inflammatory lesions. This review aims to summarize the main evidence on the use of ultrasound and CEUS in the diagnosis of APN and its follow-up.