RN 事件发生后,各种探测器系统在估算甲状腺 131I 活性方面的作用和局限性。

IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Martin Hjellström, Frida Westerbergh, Eva Forssell-Aronsson, Mats Isaksson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在放射性或核(RN)事件发生后,快速测量公众体内的 131I 含量至关重要,而这需要大量设备才能实现高通量测量。在这项研究中,对三台伽马相机、两台甲状腺摄取仪和一台全身计数器进行了校准,以测量甲状腺中 131I 的放射性活度。根据伽马相机、甲状腺摄取仪和全身计数器的最小可探测放射性活度,可以评估儿童、青少年和成年人的承诺有效剂量(CED)分别为 2.0-85 μSv、13-700 μSv 和 0.52-6.4 μSv,甲状腺吸收剂量分别为 0.075-2.1 mGy、0.48-17 mGy 和 0.020-0.15 mGy。这些数字基于摄入后 1、3 和 7 天的 10 分钟测量,CED 包括摄入和吸入 F 型气溶胶,其活动中值空气动力学直径 (AMAD) 为 1 μm。由于死区时间造成的部分信号损失为 63%,可以评估儿童的 CED 分别为 2.0、84 和 3.6 Sv,三种系统的甲状腺吸收剂量分别为 47 Gy、2000 Gy 和 88 Gy,摄入后 7 天测量的 CED 为最坏情况下的摄入量。这项研究表明,使用大型医院现成的设备估算甲状腺中 131I 含量既有潜力,也有局限性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Usefulness and limitations of various detector systems for estimation of131I thyroid activity following an RN event.

Following a radiological or nuclear (RN) event, rapid measurement of131I in members of the public is of utmost importance, and much equipment is needed for a high throughput. In this study, three gamma cameras (GCs), two thyroid uptake meters (TUMs) and one whole-body counter (WBC) were calibrated for activity measurements of131I in the thyroid. Minimum detectable activity was derived for the GCs, the TUMs and the WBC giving that a committed effective dose (CED) in the interval 2.0-85μSv, 13-700μSv and 0.52-6.4μSv, and thyroid absorbed doses in the interval 0.075-2.1 mGy, 0.48-17 mGy, and 0.020-0.15 mGy, respectively, can be assessed for children, adolescents, and adults. These numbers are based on 10 min measurement, performed at 1, 3 and 7 d after intake, and the CED includes intake by ingestion and inhalation of aerosols Type F, with an activity median aerodynamic diameter of 1μm. For a fractional signal loss of 63% due to dead time, a CED up to 2.0, 84 and 3.6 Sv and thyroid absorbed dose up to 47 Gy, 2000 Gy and 88 Gy for the three systems, respectively, can be assessed for children and intake by ingestion as a worst-case scenario in terms of CED, measured 7 d after intake. This study demonstrates the potential and limitations of using equipment readily available at larger hospitals for estimation of131I content in thyroid, which could increase the measurement capability following an RN event.

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来源期刊
Journal of Radiological Protection
Journal of Radiological Protection 环境科学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
26.70%
发文量
137
审稿时长
18-36 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Radiological Protection publishes articles on all aspects of radiological protection, including non-ionising as well as ionising radiations. Fields of interest range from research, development and theory to operational matters, education and training. The very wide spectrum of its topics includes: dosimetry, instrument development, specialized measuring techniques, epidemiology, biological effects (in vivo and in vitro) and risk and environmental impact assessments. The journal encourages publication of data and code as well as results.
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