利用农场精确试验优化有机谷物农场的作物播种率

IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
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引用次数: 0

摘要

与传统农业相比,有机农业通常被认为对环境的破坏较小,但其代价是产量较低。鉴于有机农户对了解大规模田地时空变化的内在需求,针对具体田地的精准农业可能有利于有机生产实践。这里的主要研究问题是,农场精准试验(OPE)能否作为一种适应性管理方法,利用可变的覆盖作物和经济作物播种率,有效地实现农民净收益的最大化。从 2019 年到 2022 年,在北部大平原的五个不同农场上试验性地改变了经济作物种子和前一年绿肥覆盖作物种子的投入量。实验提供的数据可用于模拟作物产量响应,以及随后的净收益,这些响应与投入(播种)率以及卫星来源的一系列其他空间显式数据有关。生成了新的、针对特定田块的空间显式最佳投入率,以最大化净收益,包括经济变量的时间变化。对投入进行了空间优化,并通过模拟发现,优化策略通过减少投入和提高产量,始终优于其他策略,尤其是对非耕作作物而言。通过采用因地制宜的管理,所有田块的净收益平均增加了 50 美元/公顷。这些结果表明,可以利用精准农业技术和遥感技术为有机农户提供强大的适应性管理工具,重点关注田间空间变化,以应对经济收益的主要投入驱动因素。继续利用 OFPE 进行播种率优化,可以量化时间变异性,并随后提出概率建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Optimizing crop seeding rates on organic grain farms using on farm precision experimentation
Organic agriculture is often regarded as less damaging to the environment than conventional agriculture, though at the expense of lower yields. Field-specific precision agriculture may benefit organic production practices given the inherent need of organic farmers to understand spatiotemporal variation on large-scale fields. Here the primary research question is whether on-farm precision experimentation (OFPE) can be used as an adaptive management methodology to efficiently maximize farmer net returns using variable cover crop and cash crop seeding rates. Inputs of cash crop seed and previous-year green manure cover crop seed were experimentally varied on five different farms across the Northern Great Plains from 2019 to 2022. Experiments provided data to model the crop yield response, and subsequently net return, in response to input (seeding) rates plus a suite of other spatially explicit data from satellite sources. New, field-specific spatially explicit optimum input rates were generated to maximize net return including temporal variation in economic variables. Inputs were spatially optimized and using simulations it was found that the optimization strategies consistently out-performed other strategies by reducing inputs and increasing yields, particularly for non-tillering crops. By adopting site specific management, the average increase in net return for all fields was $50 ha−1. These results showed that precision agriculture technologies and remote sensing can be utilized to provide organic farmers powerful adaptive management tools with a focus on within-field spatial variability in response to primary input drivers of economic return. Continued OFPE for seeding rate optimization will allow quantification of temporal variability and subsequent probabilistic recommendations.
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来源期刊
Field Crops Research
Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
12.10%
发文量
307
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.
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