人类无意识地将人工智能虚拟代理视为社会人,但这种倾向在年轻人中有所减弱:来自网络球实验的证据

IF 4.3 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Jianan Zhou, Talya Porat, Nejra van Zalk
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引用次数: 0

摘要

社会人 "观点在很大程度上影响了人工智能虚拟代理的设计和研究。人类真的把这些代理当作社会人看待吗?为了验证这一点,我们采用网络球范式进行了一个 2 间(网络球条件:排斥与公平竞争)×2 内(合作者类型:代理与人类)在线实验;我们调查了参与者(N = 244)在网络球中观察到人工智能虚拟代理被另一个人类排斥或公平对待时的反应,并将我们的结果与人与人之间的网络球研究结果进行了比较。我们发现,参与者无意识地应用了包容的社会规范,通过更频繁地向被排斥的代理掷球来补偿他们,就像人们对待被排斥的人类一样。这一发现表明,个体倾向于无意识地将人工智能虚拟代理视为社会人,这支持了媒体等式理论;然而,年龄(没有其他用户特征)影响了这一倾向,年轻的参与者不太可能无意识地应用包容规范。我们还发现,参与者对被排斥的代理表现出了更多的同情,但他们并没有因为人类玩家的排斥行为而贬低其价值;这表明参与者并没有有意识地将人工智能虚拟代理与人类相提并论。此外,我们还发现了另外两个探索性发现:使用代理的频率与同情之间的关联,以及积极使用体验的延续效应。我们的研究从理论上推进了对人机互动中人性方面的理解。在实践中,它为人工智能虚拟代理的设计提供了启示,包括对社会规范的考虑、类人设计的谨慎以及针对特定年龄段的目标。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Humans Mindlessly Treat AI Virtual Agents as Social Beings, but This Tendency Diminishes Among the Young: Evidence From a Cyberball Experiment

Humans Mindlessly Treat AI Virtual Agents as Social Beings, but This Tendency Diminishes Among the Young: Evidence From a Cyberball Experiment

The “social being” perspective has largely influenced the design and research of AI virtual agents. Do humans really treat these agents as social beings? To test this, we conducted a 2 between (Cyberball condition: exclusion vs. fair play) × 2 within (coplayer type: AGENT vs. HUMAN) online experiment employing the Cyberball paradigm; we investigated how participants (N = 244) responded when they observed an AI virtual agent being ostracised or treated fairly by another human in Cyberball, and we compared our results with those from human–human Cyberball research. We found that participants mindlessly applied the social norm of inclusion, compensating the ostracised agent by tossing the ball to them more frequently, just as people would to an ostracised human. This finding suggests that individuals tend to mindlessly treat AI virtual agents as social beings, supporting the media equation theory; however, age (no other user characteristics) influenced this tendency, with younger participants less likely to mindlessly apply the inclusion norm. We also found that participants showed increased sympathy towards the ostracised agent, but they did not devalue the human player for their ostracising behaviour; this indicates that participants did not mindfully perceive AI virtual agents as comparable to humans. Furthermore, we uncovered two other exploratory findings: the association between frequency of agent usage and sympathy, and the carryover effect of positive usage experience. Our study advances the theoretical understanding of the human side of human–agent interaction. Practically, it provides implications for the design of AI virtual agents, including the consideration of social norms, caution in human-like design, and age-specific targeting.

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来源期刊
Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies
Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies Social Sciences-Social Sciences (all)
CiteScore
17.20
自引率
8.70%
发文量
73
期刊介绍: Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies is an interdisciplinary journal dedicated to publishing high-impact research that enhances understanding of the complex interactions between diverse human behavior and emerging digital technologies.
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