测试维持儿童社交焦虑的理论过程：患有社交焦虑症、其他精神障碍和非临床对照的儿童和青少年之间的比较

IF 4.2 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Behaviour Research and Therapy Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI:10.1016/j.brat.2024.104638

Ronald M. Rapee , Lauren F. McLellan , Talia Carl , Jennifer L. Hudson , Ellen Parker , Nora Trompeter , Viviana M. Wuthrich

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景儿童社交焦虑症（SoAD）的治疗效果不佳。提高对潜在心理维持过程的认识可能会为改善治疗效果指明富有成效的方向。本研究比较了患有 SoAD 的儿童和青少年与对比样本在应对两项社交任务时的自我报告心理过程和状态焦虑。方法641 名 6-17 岁的儿童和青少年（年龄=9.45 岁；47.6% 为女孩）参与了简短的即兴演讲和与同伴的社交讨论。参与者中包括 307 名 SoAD 患者、285 名其他精神障碍患者和 49 名非临床对照组患者。完成每项任务的参与者都会自我报告他们预期的负面评价概率和代价、自我关注、对社交表现的个人评价以及参与事件后反刍（1 小时后评估）的情况。独立评分员也对他们的社会表现进行了评分。通过路径分析对各变量之间的关系进行了测试。结果患有 SoAD 的参与者更有可能回避，而且他们所报告的状态焦虑明显高于两个对比组。他们报告的每一种假定的维持过程的水平也高于任何一个对比组。与此相反，独立观察者并没有在公开社交表现上对不同组别进行区分。路径分析显示，先验模型与两项社交任务的数据拟合良好。结论小儿 SoAD 与对负面评价的概率和代价的强烈预期、过度自我关注以及对自身社交表现的负面评价有关。反过来，这些假定的过程也能有力地预测讲话和社交互动时的状态焦虑和事件后处理。

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Testing theoretical processes that maintain paediatric social anxiety: A comparison between children and adolescents with social anxiety disorder, other mental disorders, and non-clinical controls

Background

Paediatric social anxiety disorder (SoAD) responds poorly to treatment. Improved understanding of potential psychological maintaining processes may indicate fruitful directions to improve treatment outcomes. The current study compared self-reported psychological processes and state anxiety in response to two social tasks experienced by children and adolescents with SoAD against comparison samples.

Methods

641 children and adolescents aged 6–17 years (Mage = 9.45 yr; 47.6% girls) engaged in a brief, impromptu speech and a social discussion with a confederate. Participants included 307 with SoAD, 285 with other mental disorders, and 49 non-clinical controls. Participants who completed each task self-reported their anticipated probability and cost of negative evaluation, self-focused attention, personal evaluation of social performance, and engagement in post-event rumination (assessed 1 h later). Independent raters also scored their social performance. Relationships between the variables were tested through path analysis.

Results

Participants with SoAD were more likely to avoid and reported significantly greater state anxiety than both comparison groups. They also reported higher levels of each of the putative maintaining processes than either comparison group. In contrast, independent observers did not discriminate between groups on their overt social performance. Path analyses demonstrated good fit of a priori models to the data for both social tasks.

Conclusions

Paediatric SoAD is associated with strong expectation of the probability and cost of negative evaluation, excess self-focused attention, and more negative evaluation of one's own social performance. In turn, these putative processes are strong predictors of state anxiety and post-event processing in response to both a speech and social interaction.

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来源期刊

Behaviour Research and Therapy PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

7.30%

发文量

148

期刊介绍： The major focus of Behaviour Research and Therapy is an experimental psychopathology approach to understanding emotional and behavioral disorders and their prevention and treatment, using cognitive, behavioral, and psychophysiological (including neural) methods and models. This includes laboratory-based experimental studies with healthy, at risk and subclinical individuals that inform clinical application as well as studies with clinically severe samples. The following types of submissions are encouraged: theoretical reviews of mechanisms that contribute to psychopathology and that offer new treatment targets; tests of novel, mechanistically focused psychological interventions, especially ones that include theory-driven or experimentally-derived predictors, moderators and mediators; and innovations in dissemination and implementation of evidence-based practices into clinical practice in psychology and associated fields, especially those that target underlying mechanisms or focus on novel approaches to treatment delivery. In addition to traditional psychological disorders, the scope of the journal includes behavioural medicine (e.g., chronic pain). The journal will not consider manuscripts dealing primarily with measurement, psychometric analyses, and personality assessment.