精神分裂症谱系障碍和双相情感障碍患者的照顾者所面临的挑战和积极照顾经历的比较

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI:10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100840

George J. Karambelas , Kelly A. Allott , Linda K. Byrne , Anuradhi Jayasinghe , Melissa Hasty , Craig Macneil , Amity E. Watson , Kate Filia , Sue M. Cotton

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景严重精神疾病患者的护理者会遇到可能影响其心理健康的挑战。很少有研究人员探讨照顾者的积极或消极体验是否会因接受照顾者的疾病特征而有所不同。我们旨在确定被诊断为精神分裂症谱系（SSD）和双相情感障碍（BD）患者的照护者在照护者评价和心理功能方面是否存在差异。独立样本 t 检验和多变量广义线性模型确定了组间差异，皮尔逊相关系数和费舍尔 z 分数转换确定了组间相关强度的差异。SSD 患者的照顾者对受照顾者的负面症状和依赖性的负面评价明显更高。护理者在积极评价方面没有差异。两组人都报告了中等程度的痛苦、轻度焦虑和抑郁以及中等程度的心理健康，但并无差异。与 BD 相比，SSD 患者的照护者较高的负面照护者评价与较高的痛苦、焦虑和抑郁以及较低的心理幸福感有更强的相关性。结论照护者可能会遇到与其角色相关的困难，某些差异可能归因于照护对象的障碍。未来的研究和干预措施应考虑具体的疾病特征，如症状特征，以便更好地支持护理者在提供护理的同时满足他们的具体需求。

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A comparison of challenging and positive caregiving experiences for caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia spectrum and bipolar disorders

Background

Caregivers of people with serious mental illness experience challenges that may affect their mental health. Few researchers have explored whether positive or negative caregiver experiences differ due to disorder characteristics of the person receiving care. We aimed to determine whether caregiver appraisals and psychological functioning differed between caregivers of those diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum (SSD) and bipolar disorder (BD).

Methods

Caregivers of people with SSD and BD participated in an online self-report survey assessing appraisals, distress, anxiety, depression, and psychological wellbeing. Independent samples t-tests and multivariate generalised linear models determined group differences, and Pearson correlation coefficients and Fisher z-score transformations determined differences in the strength of correlations between groups.

Results

108 caregivers participated in the study. Caregivers of people with SSD reported significantly greater negative appraisals of the care recipient's negative symptoms and dependency. Caregivers did not differ on positive appraisals. Both groups reported moderate distress, mild anxiety and depression, and moderate psychological wellbeing, but did not differ. Higher negative caregiver appraisals were more strongly associated with higher distress, anxiety and depression, and lower psychological wellbeing, for caregivers of those with SSD than BD.

Limitations

Small between group sample sizes, and analyses may have been moderated by significant demographic differences between groups.

Conclusions

Caregivers can experience difficulties associated with their role, and some differences may be attributed to the care recipient's disorder. Future research and interventions should consider specific disorder characteristics, such as symptom profiles, to better support caregivers in having their specific needs addressed whilst themselves providing care.

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