不列颠哥伦比亚省大面积野火后以积雪为主的溪流水量和时间的变化

IF 3.2 3区 地球科学 Q1 Environmental Science
Sheena A. Spencer, Rita D. Winkler
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引用次数: 0

摘要

近几十年来,全球极端火灾天气的持续时间和频率都在增加,可能会对溪流的数量、时间和质量造成有害影响。野火后水文系统的变化会对下游造成严重后果,通过洪水、侵蚀、栖息地丧失和水质下降影响社区和生态系统。虽然全球有许多针对野火后水文的研究,但很少有针对以雪为主的地区的研究。2017 年发生在不列颠哥伦比亚省中南部的象山野火横跨或毗邻四个流域,这些流域都有长期的溪流测量仪,为评估水文变化提供了难得的机会。我们采用了多种方法来确定野火后的变化模式,所有这些方法都表明火后流量有所增加。控制影响前后的设计显示,箭石溪小流域(49 平方公里)的年、春、夏出水量均显著增加(分别为 30%、21% 和 86%)。在面积较大(5318 平方公里)的 Bonaparte 河流域,春季产水量显著增加(48%)。Bonaparte 河的年产水量和夏季产水量均有所增加(分别为 31% 和 58%),但这些变化在统计上并不显著。在 Bonaparte 河和 Arrowstone 溪,春季清爽期的开始时间都明显提前(都提前了 26 天),但只有 Arrowstone 溪的融雪剂最大排放量的时间明显提前(提前了 27 天)。在参照流域也观察到了较小的变化,但这些变化在统计上并不显著。小流域和大流域之间的结果差异以及天气和流域属性的影响突出表明,有必要继续研究野火与不同地貌水文系统之间的关系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Changes in snow-dominated streamflow quantity and timing following an extensive wildfire in British Columbia

Changes in snow-dominated streamflow quantity and timing following an extensive wildfire in British Columbia

The length and frequency of extreme fire weather has increased across the globe in recent decades, with potential deleterious consequences to streamflow quantity, timing and quality. Changes in the hydrologic regime following wildfire can have substantial downstream consequences, affecting communities and ecosystems through flooding, erosion, loss of habitat and degraded water quality. While there are many studies that address post-wildfire hydrology across the globe, there are few studies in the snow-dominated regions. The 2017 Elephant Hill wildfire in south-central BC burned across or adjacent to four watersheds with long-term streamflow gauges providing a rare opportunity to evaluate hydrologic change. Several approaches were used to identify patterns of change following the wildfire, all of which suggest increased post-fire flows. The before-after-control-impact design showed significant increases in annual, spring and summer water yield from the small (49 km2) Arrowstone Creek watershed (30%, 21% and 86%, respectively). Significant increases in spring water yield were observed in the larger (5318 km2) Bonaparte River watershed (48%). Annual and summer water yield increased in the Bonaparte River (31% and 58%, respectively) but these changes were not statistically significant. In both the Bonaparte River and Arrowstone Creek, the onset of spring freshet (26 days earlier in both) was significantly advanced, however, the timing of maximum snowmelt discharge was significantly advanced (27 days earlier) only in Arrowstone Creek. Smaller changes were also observed in the reference watersheds; however, these were not statistically significant. The difference in results between the small and large watershed, as well as the effects of weather and watershed attributes, highlight the need for continued research into the relationships between wildfire and hydrologic regime across diverse landscapes.

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来源期刊
Hydrological Processes
Hydrological Processes 环境科学-水资源
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
12.50%
发文量
313
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: Hydrological Processes is an international journal that publishes original scientific papers advancing understanding of the mechanisms underlying the movement and storage of water in the environment, and the interaction of water with geological, biogeochemical, atmospheric and ecological systems. Not all papers related to water resources are appropriate for submission to this journal; rather we seek papers that clearly articulate the role(s) of hydrological processes.
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