Elana V. Feldman, Timothy E. Walsworth, Karin M. Kettenring
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In the first, native wetland species were grown in monoculture at one of two native seeding densities (1,938 pure live seed (PLS) per m<sup>2</sup> or 9,688 PLS/m<sup>2</sup>) with or without <i>P. australis</i>. In the second experiment, native wetland species were grown in mixtures that differed in functional evenness at two levels of native seeding density (1,938 PLS/m<sup>2</sup> or 9,688 PLS/m<sup>2</sup>) with or without <i>P. australis</i>.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>The results of these experiments show certain high-performing species drove final native and <i>P. australis</i> growth when tested individually, even overriding any effect of the functional evenness treatment when grown in mixtures. In addition, we found the effect of <i>P. australis</i> presence on native growth differed depending on the native identity and the growth metric measured (biomass, cover or intrinsic rate of growth). Finally, a higher native seeding density increased native growth and reduced <i>P. australis</i> growth, with the growth rate analysis yielding important insights into which species achieved these results fastest.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Our results have three important implications for wetland restoration: (a) prioritize high-performing native species for invasion resistance rather than necessarily focusing on functional diversity; (b) account for the fact that native species will vary in their performance, often in unexpected ways, under different contexts; and (c) seed at a high native seeding density, potentially orders of magnitude higher than current restoration practice, to sufficiently increase native growth and biotic resistance.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":55494,"journal":{"name":"Applied Vegetation Science","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Native species identity drives plant community growth and biotic resistance\",\"authors\":\"Elana V. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
问题 了解生物抗性的驱动因素对生态恢复具有重要意义。生物抗性的两个潜在驱动因素是本地植物多样性和播种密度，恢复工作者可以对其进行控制。在此，我们研究了本地植物物种特征、本地功能均匀性、本地播种密度以及 Pragmites australis（北美一种多产的入侵者）的存在对本地物种生长和 P. australis 入侵抵抗力的影响。 方法 我们进行了两项温室实验。在第一个实验中，本地湿地物种以两种本地播种密度（每平方米 1,938 颗纯种活体种子或每平方米 9,688 颗纯种活体种子）之一进行单一栽培，有或没有 P. australis。在第二个实验中，原生湿地物种在两种水平的原生种子播种密度（1,938 PLS/m2 或 9,688 PLS/m2）下生长在混合物中，在有或没有澳洲鹅掌楸的情况下，功能均匀度有所不同。 结果 这些实验结果表明，在单独测试时，某些表现优异的物种会推动原生植物和 P. australis 的最终生长，在混合种植时甚至会压倒功能均匀性处理的任何影响。此外，我们还发现，澳洲鹅掌楸的存在对原生植物生长的影响因原生植物特性和生长指标（生物量、覆盖度或内在生长率）的不同而不同。最后，较高的原生植物播种密度会提高原生植物的生长速度，而 P. australis 的生长速度则会降低。 结论 我们的研究结果对湿地恢复有三个重要影响：（a）优先选择抗入侵能力强的本地物种，而不一定要注重功能多样性；（b）考虑到本地物种在不同环境下的表现会有差异，而且往往是意想不到的差异；以及（c）以较高的本地播种密度播种，可能比目前的恢复实践高出几个数量级，以充分提高本地生长和生物抗性。
Native species identity drives plant community growth and biotic resistance
Questions
Understanding drivers of biotic resistance has important implications for ecological restoration. Two potential drivers of biotic resistance that restoration practitioners can manipulate are native plant diversity and seeding density. Here we examined the effects of native plant species identity, native functional evenness, native seeding density and presence of Phragmites australis (a prolific invader in North America) on the growth of native species and invasion resistance to P. australis.
Methods
We conducted two greenhouse experiments. In the first, native wetland species were grown in monoculture at one of two native seeding densities (1,938 pure live seed (PLS) per m2 or 9,688 PLS/m2) with or without P. australis. In the second experiment, native wetland species were grown in mixtures that differed in functional evenness at two levels of native seeding density (1,938 PLS/m2 or 9,688 PLS/m2) with or without P. australis.
Results
The results of these experiments show certain high-performing species drove final native and P. australis growth when tested individually, even overriding any effect of the functional evenness treatment when grown in mixtures. In addition, we found the effect of P. australis presence on native growth differed depending on the native identity and the growth metric measured (biomass, cover or intrinsic rate of growth). Finally, a higher native seeding density increased native growth and reduced P. australis growth, with the growth rate analysis yielding important insights into which species achieved these results fastest.
Conclusions
Our results have three important implications for wetland restoration: (a) prioritize high-performing native species for invasion resistance rather than necessarily focusing on functional diversity; (b) account for the fact that native species will vary in their performance, often in unexpected ways, under different contexts; and (c) seed at a high native seeding density, potentially orders of magnitude higher than current restoration practice, to sufficiently increase native growth and biotic resistance.
期刊介绍：
Applied Vegetation Science focuses on community-level topics relevant to human interaction with vegetation, including global change, nature conservation, nature management, restoration of plant communities and of natural habitats, and the planning of semi-natural and urban landscapes. Vegetation survey, modelling and remote-sensing applications are welcome. Papers on vegetation science which do not fit to this scope (do not have an applied aspect and are not vegetation survey) should be directed to our associate journal, the Journal of Vegetation Science. Both journals publish papers on the ecology of a single species only if it plays a key role in structuring plant communities.
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