雌雄大鼠各种条件性恐惧反应的行为和神经相关性

IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES
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引用次数: 0

摘要

巴甫洛夫恐惧条件反射是一种广泛使用的啮齿动物联想学习模型工具。几十年来,该领域一直主要使用雄性啮齿动物,并专注于唯一的条件性恐惧反应:冻结。然而,我们实验室和其他实验室最近的研究发现,飞奔是一种偏向雌性的条件反应,其特征是在恐惧条件反射室中进行类似逃跑的运动。它还伴随着一种行为表型:与非镖鱼和雄性镖鱼相比,镖鱼能可靠地表现出较低的凝滞性,并在脚部冲击下达到较高的速度("冲击反应")。然而,冲击反应与条件飞镖之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究调查了这种联系是否是由于短吻鳄、非短吻鳄和雄性短吻鳄对厌恶刺激的一般处理过程存在差异造成的。在皮质酮测量、声学惊吓试验和对热痛的敏感性等多种模式中,我们发现短吻鳄对厌恶刺激的反应性或敏感性并不更高,在某些情况下,它们的反应性似乎低于非短吻鳄和雄性短吻鳄。在恐惧条件反射后,对涉及疼痛和恐惧处理区域的 cFos 活动进行分析,发现在暴露于低强度和高强度足部冲击的短吻鳄、非短吻鳄和雄性短吻鳄中,cFos 的表达模式各不相同。这些研究结果进一步加深了我们对短吻鳄、非短吻鳄和雄性短吻鳄之间差异的理解,并强调了研究作为恐惧状态指标的恐惧条件反射中个体差异的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Behavioral and neural correlates of diverse conditioned fear responses in male and female rats
Pavlovian fear conditioning is a widely used tool that models associative learning in rodents. For decades the field has used predominantly male rodents and focused on a sole conditioned fear response: freezing. However, recent work from our lab and others has identified darting as a female-biased conditioned response, characterized by an escape-like movement across a fear conditioning chamber. It is also accompanied by a behavioral phenotype: Darters reliably show decreased freezing compared to Non-darters and males and reach higher velocities in response to the foot shock (“shock response”). However, the relationship between shock response and conditioned darting is not known. This study investigated if this link is due to differences in general processing of aversive stimuli between Darters, Non-darters and males. Across a variety of modalities, including corticosterone measures, the acoustic startle test, and sensitivity to thermal pain, Darters were found not to be more reactive or sensitive to aversive stimuli, and, in some cases, they appear less reactive to Non-darters and males. Analyses of cFos activity in regions involved in pain and fear processing following fear conditioning identified discrete patterns of expression among Darters, Non-darters, and males exposed to low and high intensity foot shocks. The results from these studies further our understanding of the differences between Darters, Non-darters and males and highlight the importance of studying individual differences in fear conditioning as indicators of fear state.
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来源期刊
Neurobiology of Stress
Neurobiology of Stress Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biochemistry
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
4.00%
发文量
74
审稿时长
48 days
期刊介绍: Neurobiology of Stress is a multidisciplinary journal for the publication of original research and review articles on basic, translational and clinical research into stress and related disorders. It will focus on the impact of stress on the brain from cellular to behavioral functions and stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders (such as depression, trauma and anxiety). The translation of basic research findings into real-world applications will be a key aim of the journal. Basic, translational and clinical research on the following topics as they relate to stress will be covered: Molecular substrates and cell signaling, Genetics and epigenetics, Stress circuitry, Structural and physiological plasticity, Developmental Aspects, Laboratory models of stress, Neuroinflammation and pathology, Memory and Cognition, Motivational Processes, Fear and Anxiety, Stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders (including depression, PTSD, substance abuse), Neuropsychopharmacology.
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