胰岛素分泌的代谢和分子放大。

4区 生物学 Q3 Medicine
Mourad Ferdaoussi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

胰岛β细胞是无数信号的枢纽,这些信号可调节胰岛素的分泌,以重新建立餐后优格血症。β 细胞具有复杂的代谢酶和各种细胞外受体和通道,可根据自分泌、旁分泌和神经激素信号放大胰岛素分泌。为了破译胰岛素分泌的调节机制,人们进行了大量研究。虽然葡萄糖诱导的触发途径是启动外泌过程所必需的,但其他多种刺激也会调节胰岛素分泌反应。本章将讨论最近在理解各种葡萄糖和脂肪酸代谢偶联因子在扩大胰岛素分泌中的作用方面取得的进展。本章还将重点介绍将细胞外受体和通道与胰岛素分泌放大联系起来的细胞内事件。对这些机制的了解为进一步了解β细胞衰竭的病因提供了新的视角,并为开发治疗2型糖尿病的新策略铺平了道路。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Metabolic and Molecular Amplification of Insulin Secretion.

The pancreatic β cells are at the hub of myriad signals to regulate the secretion of an adequate amount of insulin needed to re-establish postprandial euglycemia. The β cell possesses sophisticated metabolic enzymes and a variety of extracellular receptors and channels that amplify insulin secretion in response to autocrine, paracrine, and neurohormonal signals. Considerable research has been undertaken to decipher the mechanisms regulating insulin secretion. While the triggering pathway induced by glucose is needed to initiate the exocytosis process, multiple other stimuli modulate the insulin secretion response. This chapter will discuss the recent advances in understanding the role of the diverse glucose- and fatty acid-metabolic coupling factors in amplifying insulin secretion. It will also highlight the intracellular events linking the extracellular receptors and channels to insulin secretion amplification. Understanding these mechanisms provides new insights into learning more about the etiology of β-cell failure and paves the way for developing new therapeutic strategies for type 2 diabetes.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: "Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology" presents critical reviews on all topical fields of normal and experimental anatomy including cell biology. The multi-perspective presentation of morphological aspects of basic biological phenomen in the human constitutes the main focus of the series. The contributions re-evaluate the latest findings and show ways for further research.
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