周期性瓶颈对微生物种群适应性进化动态的影响。

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
Minako Izutsu, Devin M Lake, Zachary W D Matson, Jack P Dodson, Richard E Lenski
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引用次数: 0

摘要

种群瓶颈会影响进化种群的适应速度。一方面,每次瓶颈都会减少促进适应的遗传变异。另一方面,在资源有限的环境中,每个在瓶颈中存活下来的创始者都能经历更多的世代,留下更多的后代,这使得存活下来的有益突变能更快地传播。根据一个理论模型的预测,使用 ~8 倍稀释应该能最大限度地提高适存率。在此,我们利用数值模拟和大肠杆菌实验种群研究了重复瓶颈对适应动态的影响。当种群在有益突变稀少、成功突变之间等待时间较长的情况下进化时,我们的模拟证实了模型的预测。然而,当有益突变很常见,而克隆干扰阻止了大多数突变的固定时,更极端的稀释会使模拟的适应性收益最大化。为了验证这些预测,我们用 2 倍、8 倍、100 倍和 1000 倍的稀释度繁殖了 48 个大肠杆菌种群 150 天。与 8 倍稀释度相比,100 倍和 1000 倍稀释度下的适应开始得更早,适合度收益也更大,这与有益突变常见时的模拟结果一致。然而,2 倍稀释处理的选择压力与其他处理有本质区别,这违反了模型和模拟的一个关键假设。因此,在周期性瓶颈期间改变稀释因子会对多样性的不同损失、不同的世代数和改变的选择所导致的适应动态产生多重影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effects of periodic bottlenecks on the dynamics of adaptive evolution in microbial populations.

Population bottlenecks can impact the rate of adaptation in evolving populations. On the one hand, each bottleneck reduces the genetic variation that fuels adaptation. On the other hand, each founder that survives a bottleneck can undergo more generations and leave more descendants in a resource-limited environment, which allows surviving beneficial mutations to spread more quickly. A theoretical model predicted that the rate of fitness gains should be maximized using ~8-fold dilutions. Here we investigate the impact of repeated bottlenecks on the dynamics of adaptation using numerical simulations and experimental populations of Escherichia coli. Our simulations confirm the model's prediction when populations evolve in a regime where beneficial mutations are rare and waiting times between successful mutations are long. However, more extreme dilutions maximize fitness gains in simulations when beneficial mutations are common and clonal interference prevents most of them from fixing. To examine these predictions, we propagated 48 E. coli populations with 2-, 8-, 100-, and 1000-fold dilutions for 150 days. Adaptation began earlier and fitness gains were greater with 100- and 1000-fold dilutions than with 8-fold dilutions, consistent with the simulations when beneficial mutations are common. However, the selection pressures in the 2-fold treatment were qualitatively different from the other treatments, violating a critical assumption of the model and simulations. Thus, varying the dilution factor during periodic bottlenecks can have multiple effects on the dynamics of adaptation caused by differential losses of diversity, different numbers of generations, and altered selection.

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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
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