神经系统相关感染的公共卫生趋势:全球视角。

IF 3.8 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease Pub Date : 2024-09-17 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1177/20499361241274206
Jackson A Roberts, Ronak K Kapadia, Daniel M Pastula, Kiran T Thakur
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引用次数: 0

摘要

神经传染病对全球公共卫生的威胁日益严重。中枢神经系统感染的诊断和治疗仍然具有挑战性,部分原因是大量新出现的病原体能够引起神经系统疾病。推动新型病原体出现的许多趋势,包括气候变化、生态退化、城市化和全球旅行,近年来都在加速发展。这些情况引发了人们对未来几年可能出现更多具有流行潜力的病原体的担忧,因此有必要加强对导致神经侵入性病原体出现和传播的各种因素的了解,并致力于公共卫生基础设施的建设,以识别和治疗这些疾病。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论三种对公共卫生有重大影响的新出现的神经侵袭性病原体的临床和流行病学特征,这些病原体代表了全球卫生的主要发展趋势。我们首先讨论了气候变化背景下的登革热病毒,考虑了病毒载体的地理范围和季节性种群扩大的环境因素。然后,我们回顾了因医疗旅游而导致的真菌性脑膜炎发病率的上升,这一趋势代表了现代医疗保健的高度全球化性质。最后,我们讨论了在医疗和农业环境中过度使用抗生素所导致的抗生素耐药性神经系统感染的日益流行。综上所述,由于这些疾病的发病率不断上升,因此有必要重新承诺投资公共卫生基础设施,重点关注地方和全球传染病监测,同时不断开发针对新病原体的新型疗法和疫苗。由于这些新出现的威胁,也就没有必要从根本上解决导致新型传染病出现的原因,包括持续努力解决人为气候变化和环境退化问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Public health trends in neurologically relevant infections: a global perspective.

Neuroinfectious diseases represent a growing threat to public health globally. Infections of the central nervous system remain challenging to diagnose and treat, partially driven by the fact that a high proportion of emerging pathogens are capable of causing neurological disease. Many of the trends driving the emergence of novel pathogens, including climate change, ecological degradation, urbanization, and global travel, have accelerated in recent years. These circumstances raise concern for the potential emergence of additional pathogens of pandemic potential in the coming years, necessitating a stronger understanding of the forces that give rise to the emergence and spread of neuroinvasive pathogens and a commitment to public health infrastructure to identify and treat these diseases. In this review, we discuss the clinical and epidemiological features of three types of emerging neuroinvasive pathogens of significant public health consequences that are emblematic of key ongoing trends in global health. We first discuss dengue viruses in the context of climate change, considering the environmental factors that allow for the expansion of the geographic range and seasonal population of the viruses' vector. We then review the rising prevalence of fungal meningitis secondary to medical tourism, a trend representative of the highly globalized nature of modern healthcare. Lastly, we discuss the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant neurological infections driven by the intersection of antibiotic overuse in medical and agricultural settings. Taken together, the rising prevalence of these conditions necessitates a recommitment to investment in public health infrastructure focused on local and global infectious disease surveillance coupled with ongoing development of novel therapeutics and vaccines for emerging pathogens. Such emerging threats also obviate the need to address the root causes driving the emergence of novel infectious diseases, including a sustained effort to address anthropogenic climate change and environmental degradation.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
8.80%
发文量
64
审稿时长
9 weeks
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