{"title":"全面分析透明细胞肾细胞癌中 GINS 亚基的表达、预后价值和免疫浸润。","authors":"Yuxiang Zhang, Qian Sun, Wei Meng, Lingling Xie, Ningning Li, Jiayi Zhang, Tong Zhang, Yangbo Guan, Limin Ma","doi":"10.21037/tau-24-95","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent decades, there has been increasing evidence that Go-Ichi-Nii-San (<i>GINS</i>) subunits play an important role in the development and progression of various tumors. However, little research has been conducted on the role of <i>GINS</i> subunits in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This study sought to explore the differential expression, prognosis, and immunological significance of <i>GINS</i> subunits in ccRCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used various analysis packages of R (version 3.6.3), the University of ALabama at Birmingham CANcer (UALCAN) data analysis portal, the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), the cBio Cancer Genomics Portal (cBioPortal), and the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) to study the gene expression, promoter methylation level, gene mutations, prognostic and diagnostic value, immune infiltration, pathway enrichment, and other aspects of the <i>GINS</i> subunits. Next, the genes related to the <i>GINS</i> subunits were analyzed using the STRING and GeneMANIA platforms, and the correlation between GINS subunits and the functions involved were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression level of <i>GINS1/2/3/4</i> was significantly higher in ccRCC tumor tissues than normal tissues, and was significantly related to tumor grade and stage. The expression of <i>GINS1/2/4</i> may be related to the methylation degree of the promoter region. The prognostic and diagnostic analyses showed that the increased expression of <i>GINS1</i> was associated with various poor prognoses and had diagnostic value. The <i>GINS</i> subunit mutation also significantly affected the clinical prognosis of ccRCC patients. Finally, the correlation analysis of the immune infiltration level, co-expression, and enrichment of related genes indicated that <i>GINS</i> subunit expression was associated with different levels of ccRCC immune infiltration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The analysis results showed that the differential expression of <i>GINS</i> subunits in ccRCC, which had prognostic and diagnostic value, was correlated with clinicopathological stage, immune infiltration, and other related aspects. <i>GINS1</i> may serve as a new potential prognostic biomarker for ccRCC patients and be used to guide treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23270,"journal":{"name":"Translational andrology and urology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11399050/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Comprehensive analysis of <i>GINS</i> subunit expression, prognostic value, and immune infiltration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.\",\"authors\":\"Yuxiang Zhang, Qian Sun, Wei Meng, Lingling Xie, Ningning Li, Jiayi Zhang, Tong Zhang, Yangbo Guan, Limin Ma\",\"doi\":\"10.21037/tau-24-95\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent decades, there has been increasing evidence that Go-Ichi-Nii-San (<i>GINS</i>) subunits play an important role in the development and progression of various tumors. However, little research has been conducted on the role of <i>GINS</i> subunits in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This study sought to explore the differential expression, prognosis, and immunological significance of <i>GINS</i> subunits in ccRCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used various analysis packages of R (version 3.6.3), the University of ALabama at Birmingham CANcer (UALCAN) data analysis portal, the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), the cBio Cancer Genomics Portal (cBioPortal), and the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) to study the gene expression, promoter methylation level, gene mutations, prognostic and diagnostic value, immune infiltration, pathway enrichment, and other aspects of the <i>GINS</i> subunits. Next, the genes related to the <i>GINS</i> subunits were analyzed using the STRING and GeneMANIA platforms, and the correlation between GINS subunits and the functions involved were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression level of <i>GINS1/2/3/4</i> was significantly higher in ccRCC tumor tissues than normal tissues, and was significantly related to tumor grade and stage. The expression of <i>GINS1/2/4</i> may be related to the methylation degree of the promoter region. The prognostic and diagnostic analyses showed that the increased expression of <i>GINS1</i> was associated with various poor prognoses and had diagnostic value. The <i>GINS</i> subunit mutation also significantly affected the clinical prognosis of ccRCC patients. Finally, the correlation analysis of the immune infiltration level, co-expression, and enrichment of related genes indicated that <i>GINS</i> subunit expression was associated with different levels of ccRCC immune infiltration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The analysis results showed that the differential expression of <i>GINS</i> subunits in ccRCC, which had prognostic and diagnostic value, was correlated with clinicopathological stage, immune infiltration, and other related aspects. <i>GINS1</i> may serve as a new potential prognostic biomarker for ccRCC patients and be used to guide treatment.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":23270,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Translational andrology and urology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-31\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11399050/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Translational andrology and urology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.21037/tau-24-95\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/8/26 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"ANDROLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Translational andrology and urology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tau-24-95","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/8/26 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ANDROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Comprehensive analysis of GINS subunit expression, prognostic value, and immune infiltration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
Background: In recent decades, there has been increasing evidence that Go-Ichi-Nii-San (GINS) subunits play an important role in the development and progression of various tumors. However, little research has been conducted on the role of GINS subunits in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This study sought to explore the differential expression, prognosis, and immunological significance of GINS subunits in ccRCC.
Methods: We used various analysis packages of R (version 3.6.3), the University of ALabama at Birmingham CANcer (UALCAN) data analysis portal, the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), the cBio Cancer Genomics Portal (cBioPortal), and the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) to study the gene expression, promoter methylation level, gene mutations, prognostic and diagnostic value, immune infiltration, pathway enrichment, and other aspects of the GINS subunits. Next, the genes related to the GINS subunits were analyzed using the STRING and GeneMANIA platforms, and the correlation between GINS subunits and the functions involved were investigated.
Results: The expression level of GINS1/2/3/4 was significantly higher in ccRCC tumor tissues than normal tissues, and was significantly related to tumor grade and stage. The expression of GINS1/2/4 may be related to the methylation degree of the promoter region. The prognostic and diagnostic analyses showed that the increased expression of GINS1 was associated with various poor prognoses and had diagnostic value. The GINS subunit mutation also significantly affected the clinical prognosis of ccRCC patients. Finally, the correlation analysis of the immune infiltration level, co-expression, and enrichment of related genes indicated that GINS subunit expression was associated with different levels of ccRCC immune infiltration.
Conclusions: The analysis results showed that the differential expression of GINS subunits in ccRCC, which had prognostic and diagnostic value, was correlated with clinicopathological stage, immune infiltration, and other related aspects. GINS1 may serve as a new potential prognostic biomarker for ccRCC patients and be used to guide treatment.
期刊介绍：
ranslational Andrology and Urology (Print ISSN 2223-4683; Online ISSN 2223-4691; Transl Androl Urol; TAU) is an open access, peer-reviewed, bi-monthly journal (quarterly published from Mar.2012 - Dec. 2014). The main focus of the journal is to describe new findings in the field of translational research of Andrology and Urology, provides current and practical information on basic research and clinical investigations of Andrology and Urology. Specific areas of interest include, but not limited to, molecular study, pathology, biology and technical advances related to andrology and urology. Topics cover range from evaluation, prevention, diagnosis, therapy, prognosis, rehabilitation and future challenges to urology and andrology. Contributions pertinent to urology and andrology are also included from related fields such as public health, basic sciences, education, sociology, and nursing.
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