用于肠道微生物组的 CRISPR-Cas 系统的进展。

3区 生物学 Q2 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Namra Ali, Chaitali Vora, Anshu Mathuria, Naina Kataria, Indra Mani
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引用次数: 0

摘要

CRISPR-Cas 技术可以对微生物群落进行精确的遗传操作,从而彻底改变了微生物组研究。本综述探讨了该技术在肠道微生物组研究、益生菌开发、微生物组诊断、病原体靶向和微生物群落工程中的各种应用。工程噬菌体和共轭益生菌体现了 CRISPR-Cas 对细菌进行靶向操作的能力,为抗生素耐药性感染和其他肠道相关疾病的防治提供了有前景的策略。CRISPR-Cas 系统还能提高胃肠道的耐压性和定植率,从而增强益生菌的功效。基于 CRISPR 的诊断技术可以快速、灵敏地识别病原体,从而实现早期干预。此外,CRISPR 介导的基因编辑可以对微生物种群进行有针对性的改造,降低横向基因转移带来的风险,改善环境和健康状况。尽管 CRISPR 具有变革性的潜力,但伦理和监管方面的挑战依然严峻,需要强有力的框架来指导其负责任的应用。本章强调了 CRISPR-Cas 在推动微生物组研究迈向个性化医学和微生物疗法方面的关键作用,同时强调了平衡伦理审议和全面监管的必要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Advances in CRISPR-Cas systems for gut microbiome.

CRISPR-Cas technology has revolutionized microbiome research by enabling precise genetic manipulation of microbial communities. This review explores its diverse applications in gut microbiome studies, probiotic development, microbiome diagnostics, pathogen targeting, and microbial community engineering. Engineered bacteriophages and conjugative probiotics exemplify CRISPR-Cas's capability for targeted bacterial manipulation, offering promising strategies against antibiotic-resistant infections and other gut-related disorders. CRISPR-Cas systems also enhance probiotic efficacy by improving stress tolerance and colonization in the gastrointestinal tract. CRISPR-based techniques in diagnostics enable early intervention by enabling fast and sensitive pathogen identification. Furthermore, CRISPR-mediated gene editing allows tailored modification of microbial populations, mitigating risks associated with horizontal gene transfer and enhancing environmental and health outcomes. Despite its transformative potential, ethical and regulatory challenges loom large, demanding robust frameworks to guide its responsible application. This chapter highlights CRISPR-Cas's pivotal role in advancing microbiome research toward personalized medicine and microbial therapeutics while emphasizing the imperative of balanced ethical deliberations and comprehensive regulatory oversight.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science (PMBTS) provides in-depth reviews on topics of exceptional scientific importance. If today you read an Article or Letter in Nature or a Research Article or Report in Science reporting findings of exceptional importance, you likely will find comprehensive coverage of that research area in a future PMBTS volume.
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