实现 "国际小米年"(IYoM)的远景目标:通过分子育种和多组学资源的进步加快干预措施。

IF 3.6 3区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Planta Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI:10.1007/s00425-024-04520-0
Tilak Chandra, Sarika Jaiswal, Rukam Singh Tomar, Mir Asif Iquebal, Dinesh Kumar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

主要结论利用先进的育种和多组学资源对于将小米定位为重要的 "营养谷物资源 "至关重要,这符合国际谷物年的目标,可减轻全球谷物生产的压力,提高对气候变化的适应能力,并促进可持续的作物改良和生物多样性。粮食安全、营养、气候变化和农业可持续发展等全球挑战要求采用气候适应性强、营养丰富的作物,以支持在不断变化的环境条件下不断增长的人口。被称为 "Shree Anna "的小米是解决这些问题的一个很有前景的方案,它可以提高粮食产量、改善营养安全和促进生物多样性保护。豌豆对恶劣环境的适应能力、营养密度、文化意义以及提高膳食质量指数的潜力使其成为全球农业的宝贵资产。认识到它们的关键作用,联合国将 2023 年定为 "国际黍米年(IYoM 2023)",强调它们对气候适应性农业和营养改善的贡献。科学进步为通过基因和基因组干预提高小米产量的努力注入了活力,产生了大量先进的分子育种技术和多组学资源。这些进步为解决小米目前面临的挑战提供了机遇,例如抗营养因子、感官接受性问题、毒素污染以及辅助作物改良。本综述全面概述了九种主要小米的分子育种和多组学资源,重点关注它们在国际粟类年框架内的潜在影响。这些资源包括全基因组和泛基因组,阐明了对非生物胁迫的适应性反应;基于细胞器的研究揭示了进化的恢复力;与理想性状相关的标记促进了高效育种;QTL 分析促进了性状选择;功能基因的发现促进了生物技术干预;调控 ncRNAs 促进了性状调节;基于网络的平台促进了利益相关者的交流;组织培养技术促进了遗传修饰;CRISPR/Cas9 技术的精确应用促进了综合组学方法。将这些资源与国际小米年概述的七个主题领域相结合,可促进小米生产和利用的转型变革,从而为全球粮食安全、可持续农业和营养改善做出贡献。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Realizing visionary goals for the International Year of Millet (IYoM): accelerating interventions through advances in molecular breeding and multiomics resources.

Main conclusion: Leveraging advanced breeding and multi-omics resources is vital to position millet as an essential "nutricereal resource," aligning with IYoM goals, alleviating strain on global cereal production, boosting resilience to climate change, and advancing sustainable crop improvement and biodiversity. The global challenges of food security, nutrition, climate change, and agrarian sustainability demand the adoption of climate-resilient, nutrient-rich crops to support a growing population amidst shifting environmental conditions. Millets, also referred to as "Shree Anna," emerge as a promising solution to address these issues by bolstering food production, improving nutrient security, and fostering biodiversity conservation. Their resilience to harsh environments, nutritional density, cultural significance, and potential to enhance dietary quality index made them valuable assets in global agriculture. Recognizing their pivotal role, the United Nations designated 2023 as the "International Year of Millets (IYoM 2023)," emphasizing their contribution to climate-resilient agriculture and nutritional enhancement. Scientific progress has invigorated efforts to enhance millet production through genetic and genomic interventions, yielding a wealth of advanced molecular breeding technologies and multi-omics resources. These advancements offer opportunities to tackle prevailing challenges in millet, such as anti-nutritional factors, sensory acceptability issues, toxin contamination, and ancillary crop improvements. This review provides a comprehensive overview of molecular breeding and multi-omics resources for nine major millet species, focusing on their potential impact within the framework of IYoM. These resources include whole and pan-genome, elucidating adaptive responses to abiotic stressors, organelle-based studies revealing evolutionary resilience, markers linked to desirable traits for efficient breeding, QTL analysis facilitating trait selection, functional gene discovery for biotechnological interventions, regulatory ncRNAs for trait modulation, web-based platforms for stakeholder communication, tissue culture techniques for genetic modification, and integrated omics approaches enabled by precise application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Aligning these resources with the seven thematic areas outlined by IYoM catalyzes transformative changes in millet production and utilization, thereby contributing to global food security, sustainable agriculture, and enhanced nutritional consequences.

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来源期刊
Planta
Planta 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
2.30%
发文量
217
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Planta publishes timely and substantial articles on all aspects of plant biology. We welcome original research papers on any plant species. Areas of interest include biochemistry, bioenergy, biotechnology, cell biology, development, ecological and environmental physiology, growth, metabolism, morphogenesis, molecular biology, new methods, physiology, plant-microbe interactions, structural biology, and systems biology.
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