啮齿动物的竞争和火灾改变了西部收割蚁的蚁丘和蚁盘形成模式。

IF 2.3 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Oecologia Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-19 DOI:10.1007/s00442-024-05617-9
Ryan Pienaar, Tara B B Bishop, Samuel B St Clair
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引用次数: 0

摘要

消费者自上而下地控制着旱地生态系统的功能,但最近火灾活动的增加可能会改变火灾后环境中的消费者群落。包括蚂蚁和啮齿类动物在内的本地消费者可能在确定火灾后植物群落的组合和抵御生物入侵方面起着关键作用。本研究旨在了解西部收割蚁(Pogonomyrmex occidentalis)如何对火灾和啮齿动物群落丰度做出反应。我们在一个全因子设计中设置了排除或允许啮齿动物进入的处理地块,并对其进行了燃烧或未燃烧处理,以此来测试这一点。我们测量了每个试验小区的蚁盘、蚁丘大小和密度。与未燃烧的地块相比,火灾使蚁丘密度增加了 126%。啮齿动物的存在使蚁丘密度减少了 59%,蚁丘直径减少了 13%,蚁丘高度减少了 166%。我们还显示了一种交互作用,即啮齿动物对蚂蚁盘密度的不利影响在燃烧过的地块比未燃烧过的地块更大。研究结果表明,啮齿动物数量的激增可能会对原生灌木林中蚁丘和蚁盘的形成产生抑制作用,但随着入侵性草火循环的出现,收割蚁可能会从啮齿动物的竞争中解脱出来。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Rodent competition and fire alter patterns of mound and disk formation of western harvester ants.

Consumers exert top-down controls on dryland ecosystem function, but recent increases in fire activity may alter consumer communities in post-fire environments. Native consumers, including ants and rodents, likely have critical roles in defining post-fire plant community assembly and resilience to biological invasions. This study aimed to understand how western harvester ants (Pogonomyrmex occidentalis) that form mounds and large vegetation-free disks that significantly influence plant community structure in the Great Basin Desert respond to fire and rodent community abundance. We tested this by installing treatment plots that excluded or allowed rodents and were burned or unburned in a full factorial design. We measured ant disk and mound size and density in each experimental plot. Fire increased ant mound density by 126% compared to unburned plots. Rodent presence decreased mound density by 59%, mound diameter by 13%, and mound height by 166%. We also show an interaction where the adverse effects of rodents on ant disk density were greater in burned than in unburned plots. The results suggest that booms in rodent populations are likely to have suppressive effects on ant mound and disk formation in native shrublands but that harvester ants may be released from rodent competition with the emergence of invasive grass-fire cycles.

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来源期刊
Oecologia
Oecologia 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
192
审稿时长
5.3 months
期刊介绍: Oecologia publishes innovative ecological research of international interest. We seek reviews, advances in methodology, and original contributions, emphasizing the following areas: Population ecology, Plant-microbe-animal interactions, Ecosystem ecology, Community ecology, Global change ecology, Conservation ecology, Behavioral ecology and Physiological Ecology. In general, studies that are purely descriptive, mathematical, documentary, and/or natural history will not be considered.
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