Benn Bryant, Michelle Campbell-Ward, Benjamin Kimble, Merran Govendir
{"title":"南方黑犀牛口服苯丁酮、美洛昔康和非罗昔布的药动学特征。","authors":"Benn Bryant, Michelle Campbell-Ward, Benjamin Kimble, Merran Govendir","doi":"10.1638/2023-0080","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pharmacokinetic profile of selected NSAIDs in southern black rhinoceros (<i>Diceros bicornis minor</i>) were studied. Phenylbutazone (PBZ), meloxicam (MEL), and firocoxib (FIR) were administered orally to five captive, black rhinoceros, and blood was collected at predetermined time points for NSAID quantification and noncompartmental pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis. Phenylbutazone 4.0 mg/kg PO q12h for three doses, MEL 0.3 mg/kg PO q24h administered twice, and a single oral dose of FIR 0.1 mg/kg, were tested with a minimum washout time of 2 wk. PBZ reached a median (range) peak concentration (C<sub>max</sub>) of 9.42 (2.74-11.5) g/ml at a mean (range) time (T<sub>max</sub>) of 6.00 (4.00 to >12.00) h, and the median (range) elimination half-life (T<sub>1/2</sub>) was 6.07 (3.95-6.49) h. Phenylbutazone pharmacokinetic parameters for black rhinoceros in this study were similar to domestic horses. Meloxicam reached a median (range) C<sub>max</sub> of 0.576 (0.357-0.655) µg/ml at a median (range) time (T<sub>max</sub>) of 6.00 (4.00-12.00) h; the median (range) T<sub>1/2</sub> of MEL was 14.0 (12.4-17.9) h. These results demonstrate that once-daily administration of MEL at 0.3 mg/kg resulted in a serum concentration of greater than 0.200 µg/ml from 2 to 24 h in four animals, which is within the analgesic range (0.200-0.400 µg/ml) for this drug in other species postulated by other studies. A single dose of firocoxib (0.1 mg/kg) reached a median (range) peak concentration (C<sub>max</sub>) of 15.7 (9.65-17.3) ng/ml at a median (range) T<sub>max</sub> of 4.00 (4.00-6.00) h. The median (range) elimination T<sub>1/2</sub> of FIR was 4.96 (4.47-6.51) h, which is faster than in the horse. The data suggest that extrapolation from equine FIR dosage recommendations is inappropriate for black rhinoceros.</p>","PeriodicalId":17667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"PHARMACOKINETIC PROFILES OF ORAL PHENYLBUTAZONE, MELOXICAM, AND FIROCOXIB IN SOUTHERN BLACK RHINOCEROS (<i>DICEROS BICORNIS MINOR</i>).\",\"authors\":\"Benn Bryant, Michelle Campbell-Ward, Benjamin Kimble, Merran Govendir\",\"doi\":\"10.1638/2023-0080\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>The pharmacokinetic profile of selected NSAIDs in southern black rhinoceros (<i>Diceros bicornis minor</i>) were studied. Phenylbutazone (PBZ), meloxicam (MEL), and firocoxib (FIR) were administered orally to five captive, black rhinoceros, and blood was collected at predetermined time points for NSAID quantification and noncompartmental pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis. Phenylbutazone 4.0 mg/kg PO q12h for three doses, MEL 0.3 mg/kg PO q24h administered twice, and a single oral dose of FIR 0.1 mg/kg, were tested with a minimum washout time of 2 wk. PBZ reached a median (range) peak concentration (C<sub>max</sub>) of 9.42 (2.74-11.5) g/ml at a mean (range) time (T<sub>max</sub>) of 6.00 (4.00 to >12.00) h, and the median (range) elimination half-life (T<sub>1/2</sub>) was 6.07 (3.95-6.49) h. Phenylbutazone pharmacokinetic parameters for black rhinoceros in this study were similar to domestic horses. Meloxicam reached a median (range) C<sub>max</sub> of 0.576 (0.357-0.655) µg/ml at a median (range) time (T<sub>max</sub>) of 6.00 (4.00-12.00) h; the median (range) T<sub>1/2</sub> of MEL was 14.0 (12.4-17.9) h. These results demonstrate that once-daily administration of MEL at 0.3 mg/kg resulted in a serum concentration of greater than 0.200 µg/ml from 2 to 24 h in four animals, which is within the analgesic range (0.200-0.400 µg/ml) for this drug in other species postulated by other studies. A single dose of firocoxib (0.1 mg/kg) reached a median (range) peak concentration (C<sub>max</sub>) of 15.7 (9.65-17.3) ng/ml at a median (range) T<sub>max</sub> of 4.00 (4.00-6.00) h. The median (range) elimination T<sub>1/2</sub> of FIR was 4.96 (4.47-6.51) h, which is faster than in the horse. 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PHARMACOKINETIC PROFILES OF ORAL PHENYLBUTAZONE, MELOXICAM, AND FIROCOXIB IN SOUTHERN BLACK RHINOCEROS (DICEROS BICORNIS MINOR).
The pharmacokinetic profile of selected NSAIDs in southern black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis minor) were studied. Phenylbutazone (PBZ), meloxicam (MEL), and firocoxib (FIR) were administered orally to five captive, black rhinoceros, and blood was collected at predetermined time points for NSAID quantification and noncompartmental pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis. Phenylbutazone 4.0 mg/kg PO q12h for three doses, MEL 0.3 mg/kg PO q24h administered twice, and a single oral dose of FIR 0.1 mg/kg, were tested with a minimum washout time of 2 wk. PBZ reached a median (range) peak concentration (Cmax) of 9.42 (2.74-11.5) g/ml at a mean (range) time (Tmax) of 6.00 (4.00 to >12.00) h, and the median (range) elimination half-life (T1/2) was 6.07 (3.95-6.49) h. Phenylbutazone pharmacokinetic parameters for black rhinoceros in this study were similar to domestic horses. Meloxicam reached a median (range) Cmax of 0.576 (0.357-0.655) µg/ml at a median (range) time (Tmax) of 6.00 (4.00-12.00) h; the median (range) T1/2 of MEL was 14.0 (12.4-17.9) h. These results demonstrate that once-daily administration of MEL at 0.3 mg/kg resulted in a serum concentration of greater than 0.200 µg/ml from 2 to 24 h in four animals, which is within the analgesic range (0.200-0.400 µg/ml) for this drug in other species postulated by other studies. A single dose of firocoxib (0.1 mg/kg) reached a median (range) peak concentration (Cmax) of 15.7 (9.65-17.3) ng/ml at a median (range) Tmax of 4.00 (4.00-6.00) h. The median (range) elimination T1/2 of FIR was 4.96 (4.47-6.51) h, which is faster than in the horse. The data suggest that extrapolation from equine FIR dosage recommendations is inappropriate for black rhinoceros.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine (JZWM) is considered one of the major sources of information on the biology and veterinary aspects in the field. It stems from the founding premise of AAZV to share zoo animal medicine experiences. The Journal evolved from the long history of members producing case reports and the increased publication of free-ranging wildlife papers.
The Journal accepts manuscripts of original research findings, case reports in the field of veterinary medicine dealing with captive and free-ranging wild animals, brief communications regarding clinical or research observations that may warrant publication. It also publishes and encourages submission of relevant editorials, reviews, special reports, clinical challenges, abstracts of selected articles and book reviews. The Journal is published quarterly, is peer reviewed, is indexed by the major abstracting services, and is international in scope and distribution.
Areas of interest include clinical medicine, surgery, anatomy, radiology, physiology, reproduction, nutrition, parasitology, microbiology, immunology, pathology (including infectious diseases and clinical pathology), toxicology, pharmacology, and epidemiology.
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