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This condition often manifests as abnormal uterine bleeding and can progress to malignancy, with varying risks depending on the type of hyperplasia.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to investigate the factors influencing endometrial thickness during the perimenopausal period and raise awareness among healthcare professionals about the importance of evaluating and caring for individuals with endometrial hyperplasia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies examining the association between various factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, age, estrogen replacement therapy, anovulatory disorders, smoking, medications, genetic factors, and endocrine-related proteins and the development of endometrial hyperplasia were reviewed. The literature search encompassed relevant databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Research findings indicate significant associations between changes in gene expression of several factors and the development of endometrial hyperplasia. Notably, the risk of progression to cancer varies between non-atypical and atypical hyperplasia cases. Factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, age, estrogen replacement therapy, anovulatory disorders, smoking, medications, Lynch syndrome, tamoxifen use, and alterations in gene expression of TNF-α, EGF, IGF-1, IGF-1R, and PTEN have been implicated in the pathogenesis of endometrial hyperplasia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the importance of understanding the factors influencing endometrial thickness during the perimenopausal period. It emphasizes the pivotal role of healthcare professionals in evaluating and caring for individuals with this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"1475-1482"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11397258/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A Review of the Risk Factors Associated with Endometrial Hyperplasia During Perimenopause.\",\"authors\":\"Lianping Wang, Wengong Wei, Meiling Cai\",\"doi\":\"10.2147/IJWH.S481509\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endometrial hyperplasia, characterized by excessive growth leading to endometrial thickening, is commonly observed in the premenopausal period. Its prevalence in postmenopausal women is approximately 15%, peaking between ages 50 and 60. This condition often manifests as abnormal uterine bleeding and can progress to malignancy, with varying risks depending on the type of hyperplasia.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to investigate the factors influencing endometrial thickness during the perimenopausal period and raise awareness among healthcare professionals about the importance of evaluating and caring for individuals with endometrial hyperplasia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies examining the association between various factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, age, estrogen replacement therapy, anovulatory disorders, smoking, medications, genetic factors, and endocrine-related proteins and the development of endometrial hyperplasia were reviewed. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景:子宫内膜增生的特点是过度增生导致子宫内膜增厚,常见于绝经前期。绝经后妇女的发病率约为 15%,高峰期在 50 至 60 岁之间。目的:本研究旨在调查围绝经期子宫内膜厚度的影响因素,提高医护人员对评估和护理子宫内膜增生患者重要性的认识:方法:对糖尿病、高血压、年龄、雌激素替代疗法、无排卵障碍、吸烟、药物、遗传因素和内分泌相关蛋白等各种因素与子宫内膜增生症发生之间的关系进行了研究。文献检索涵盖相关数据库,包括 PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science:结果:研究结果表明,多种因素的基因表达变化与子宫内膜增生症的发生有明显的关联。值得注意的是,非典型和不典型增生病例发展为癌症的风险各不相同。糖尿病、高血压、年龄、雌激素替代疗法、无排卵障碍、吸烟、药物、林奇综合征、他莫昔芬的使用以及TNF-α、EGF、IGF-1、IGF-1R和PTEN基因表达的改变等因素都与子宫内膜增生的发病机制有关:本研究强调了了解围绝经期子宫内膜厚度影响因素的重要性。结论:本研究强调了了解围绝经期子宫内膜厚度影响因素的重要性,同时也强调了医护人员在评估和护理此类患者时的关键作用。
A Review of the Risk Factors Associated with Endometrial Hyperplasia During Perimenopause.
Background: Endometrial hyperplasia, characterized by excessive growth leading to endometrial thickening, is commonly observed in the premenopausal period. Its prevalence in postmenopausal women is approximately 15%, peaking between ages 50 and 60. This condition often manifests as abnormal uterine bleeding and can progress to malignancy, with varying risks depending on the type of hyperplasia.
Purpose: This study aims to investigate the factors influencing endometrial thickness during the perimenopausal period and raise awareness among healthcare professionals about the importance of evaluating and caring for individuals with endometrial hyperplasia.
Methods: Studies examining the association between various factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, age, estrogen replacement therapy, anovulatory disorders, smoking, medications, genetic factors, and endocrine-related proteins and the development of endometrial hyperplasia were reviewed. The literature search encompassed relevant databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
Results: Research findings indicate significant associations between changes in gene expression of several factors and the development of endometrial hyperplasia. Notably, the risk of progression to cancer varies between non-atypical and atypical hyperplasia cases. Factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, age, estrogen replacement therapy, anovulatory disorders, smoking, medications, Lynch syndrome, tamoxifen use, and alterations in gene expression of TNF-α, EGF, IGF-1, IGF-1R, and PTEN have been implicated in the pathogenesis of endometrial hyperplasia.
Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of understanding the factors influencing endometrial thickness during the perimenopausal period. It emphasizes the pivotal role of healthcare professionals in evaluating and caring for individuals with this condition.
期刊介绍:
International Journal of Women''s Health is an international, peer-reviewed, open access, online journal. Publishing original research, reports, editorials, reviews and commentaries on all aspects of women''s healthcare including gynecology, obstetrics, and breast cancer. Subject areas include: Chronic conditions including cancers of various organs specific and not specific to women Migraine, headaches, arthritis, osteoporosis Endocrine and autoimmune syndromes - asthma, multiple sclerosis, lupus, diabetes Sexual and reproductive health including fertility patterns and emerging technologies to address infertility Infectious disease with chronic sequelae including HIV/AIDS, HPV, PID, and other STDs Psychological and psychosocial conditions - depression across the life span, substance abuse, domestic violence Health maintenance among aging females - factors affecting the quality of life including physical, social and mental issues Avenues for health promotion and disease prevention across the life span Male vs female incidence comparisons for conditions that affect both genders.