COVID-19 疫苗在前微克子期和后微克子期的间接有效性:在巴西进行的一项全国性检测阴性病例对照研究。

IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Thiago Cerqueira-Silva , Viviane S. Boaventura , Neil Pearce , Manoel Barral-Netto
{"title":"COVID-19 疫苗在前微克子期和后微克子期的间接有效性:在巴西进行的一项全国性检测阴性病例对照研究。","authors":"Thiago Cerqueira-Silva ,&nbsp;Viviane S. Boaventura ,&nbsp;Neil Pearce ,&nbsp;Manoel Barral-Netto","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107241","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Mass COVID-19 immunization campaigns altered the pandemic's progress by protecting the vaccine recipient and reducing transmission. However, evidence for indirect vaccine effectiveness (IVE) is limited due to the difficulties of ascertaining this type of protection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using linked national Brazilian databases, we adapted the test-negative design to evaluate the IVE against symptomatic infection. We analyzed data from January 1 to December 1, 2021 (pre-omicron) and January 1 to April 30, 2022 (omicron BA.1 and BA.2). We compared the probability of testing positive across various levels of second ancestral-strain monovalent COVID-19 vaccine dose coverage, including only unvaccinated individuals in the main analysis and both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals in additional analyses. Sensitivity analysis focused on children younger than 12 years who did not have access to COVID-19 vaccines during the pre-omicron period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 11,039,315 unvaccinated individuals tested during the pre-omicron study period. IVE was minimal until 30% vaccination coverage (&lt;10%), then it followed a dose-dependent pattern, peaking at 37.7 (95% confidence interval 32-42.8) at 70% coverage. For children younger than 12 years, IVE peaked at 59.8% (95% confidence interval 52.7-65.9) at 70% coverage. During the omicron period, IVE remained constant at about 5% across all comparisons.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings confirm that high vaccination coverage using vaccines that prevent infection indirectly protects the community. However, IVE was substantially higher during the pre-omicron period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"148 ","pages":"Article 107241"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Indirect effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in the pre-omicron and omicron periods: A nation-wide test-negative case-control study in Brazil\",\"authors\":\"Thiago Cerqueira-Silva ,&nbsp;Viviane S. Boaventura ,&nbsp;Neil Pearce ,&nbsp;Manoel Barral-Netto\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107241\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Mass COVID-19 immunization campaigns altered the pandemic's progress by protecting the vaccine recipient and reducing transmission. However, evidence for indirect vaccine effectiveness (IVE) is limited due to the difficulties of ascertaining this type of protection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using linked national Brazilian databases, we adapted the test-negative design to evaluate the IVE against symptomatic infection. We analyzed data from January 1 to December 1, 2021 (pre-omicron) and January 1 to April 30, 2022 (omicron BA.1 and BA.2). We compared the probability of testing positive across various levels of second ancestral-strain monovalent COVID-19 vaccine dose coverage, including only unvaccinated individuals in the main analysis and both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals in additional analyses. Sensitivity analysis focused on children younger than 12 years who did not have access to COVID-19 vaccines during the pre-omicron period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 11,039,315 unvaccinated individuals tested during the pre-omicron study period. IVE was minimal until 30% vaccination coverage (&lt;10%), then it followed a dose-dependent pattern, peaking at 37.7 (95% confidence interval 32-42.8) at 70% coverage. For children younger than 12 years, IVE peaked at 59.8% (95% confidence interval 52.7-65.9) at 70% coverage. During the omicron period, IVE remained constant at about 5% across all comparisons.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings confirm that high vaccination coverage using vaccines that prevent infection indirectly protects the community. However, IVE was substantially higher during the pre-omicron period.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14006,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Infectious Diseases\",\"volume\":\"148 \",\"pages\":\"Article 107241\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-18\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Infectious Diseases\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224003126\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"INFECTIOUS DISEASES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224003126","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:大规模的 COVID-19 免疫接种活动通过保护疫苗接种者和减少传播改变了大流行病的进程。然而,由于难以确定这种类型的保护,间接疫苗有效性(IVE)的证据非常有限:方法:我们利用链接的巴西国家数据库,采用试验阴性设计来评估针对无症状感染的 IVE。我们分析了 2021 年 1 月 1 日至 12 月 1 日(Pre-Omicron)和 2022 年 1 月 1 日至 4 月 30 日(Omicron BA.1 和 BA.2)的数据。我们比较了不同水平的第二祖传株单价 COVID-19 疫苗剂量覆盖率下检测结果呈阳性的概率,在主要分析中仅包括未接种者,在附加分析中包括接种者和未接种者。敏感性分析的重点是 12 岁以下的儿童,他们在接种前接种期间无法接种 COVID-19 疫苗:我们纳入了 11,039,315 名在 "前原子粒束 "研究期间接受测试的未接种者。在疫苗接种覆盖率达到 30% 之前,IVE 微乎其微:我们的研究结果证实,使用预防感染疫苗的高接种率可间接保护社区。然而,IVE 在接种前的奥美康期间要高得多。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Indirect effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in the pre-omicron and omicron periods: A nation-wide test-negative case-control study in Brazil

Objectives

Mass COVID-19 immunization campaigns altered the pandemic's progress by protecting the vaccine recipient and reducing transmission. However, evidence for indirect vaccine effectiveness (IVE) is limited due to the difficulties of ascertaining this type of protection.

Methods

Using linked national Brazilian databases, we adapted the test-negative design to evaluate the IVE against symptomatic infection. We analyzed data from January 1 to December 1, 2021 (pre-omicron) and January 1 to April 30, 2022 (omicron BA.1 and BA.2). We compared the probability of testing positive across various levels of second ancestral-strain monovalent COVID-19 vaccine dose coverage, including only unvaccinated individuals in the main analysis and both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals in additional analyses. Sensitivity analysis focused on children younger than 12 years who did not have access to COVID-19 vaccines during the pre-omicron period.

Results

We included 11,039,315 unvaccinated individuals tested during the pre-omicron study period. IVE was minimal until 30% vaccination coverage (<10%), then it followed a dose-dependent pattern, peaking at 37.7 (95% confidence interval 32-42.8) at 70% coverage. For children younger than 12 years, IVE peaked at 59.8% (95% confidence interval 52.7-65.9) at 70% coverage. During the omicron period, IVE remained constant at about 5% across all comparisons.

Conclusions

Our findings confirm that high vaccination coverage using vaccines that prevent infection indirectly protects the community. However, IVE was substantially higher during the pre-omicron period.
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
CiteScore
18.90
自引率
2.40%
发文量
1020
审稿时长
30 days
期刊介绍: International Journal of Infectious Diseases (IJID) Publisher: International Society for Infectious Diseases Publication Frequency: Monthly Type: Peer-reviewed, Open Access Scope: Publishes original clinical and laboratory-based research. Reports clinical trials, reviews, and some case reports. Focuses on epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, treatment, and control of infectious diseases. Emphasizes diseases common in under-resourced countries.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信