Tomasz Kowalski, Adrian Wilk, Andrzej Klusiewicz, Wojciech Pawliczek, Szczepan Wiecha, Beata Szczepańska, Jadwiga Malczewska-Lenczowska
{"title":"在训练有素的运动员、电子竞技运动员和年龄匹配的对照组中使用 S 指数测试测量呼吸肌力量的参考值。","authors":"Tomasz Kowalski, Adrian Wilk, Andrzej Klusiewicz, Wojciech Pawliczek, Szczepan Wiecha, Beata Szczepańska, Jadwiga Malczewska-Lenczowska","doi":"10.1113/EP091938","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory function assessment is crucial in optimizing athletic performance, safeguarding respiratory health, and ensuring athletes can perform at their peak potential while minimizing the risk of respiratory-related issues. The S-Index Test is a dynamic evaluation of respiratory muscle strength. However, no comprehensive reference values regarding the S-Index Test have been reported yet. A total of 597 participants performed the S-Index Test. They were either well-trained athletes (WTA), or e-sports athletes (ESA), or age-matched controls (AMC) groups. The differences in S-Index Test results between sexes and for group-sex, and performance calibre tier-sex interactions were examined. The relationships between S-Index Test results and age, anthropometric indices and training experience were assessed. Reference values for all the groups were provided. Amongst athletes, the highest values were observed in swimmers and rowers, and the lowest in figure skaters and runners. The S-Index Test results were different for the group-sex interaction (P = 0.004, 151.6 ± 29.0 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for WTA males and 109.8 ± 21.6 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for WTA females, 136.7 ± 28.0 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for ESA males and 101.8 ± 22.0 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for ESA females, 128.7 ± 28.8 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for AMC males and 70.3 ± 24.7 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for AMC females) and higher in males than females (P < 0.001, 145.1 ± 30.5 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for males and 100.8 ± 27.6 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for females). The higher athletic level, presented as performance calibre tier, was not linked to higher respiratory muscle strength in the WTA group (P = 0.094). However, the Bonferroni correction revealed that except for the singular tier in females, there was a significant effect for all the other tiers and sexes (P < 0.001). The obtained results confirm that regardless of the level of physical activity, the anthropometric features are positively linked with respiratory muscle strength. Furthermore, age and training experience were positively correlated with the S-Index Test results in the WTA group.</p>","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Reference values for respiratory muscle strength measured with the S-Index Test in well-trained athletes, e-sports athletes and age-matched controls.\",\"authors\":\"Tomasz Kowalski, Adrian Wilk, Andrzej Klusiewicz, Wojciech Pawliczek, Szczepan Wiecha, Beata Szczepańska, Jadwiga Malczewska-Lenczowska\",\"doi\":\"10.1113/EP091938\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Respiratory function assessment is crucial in optimizing athletic performance, safeguarding respiratory health, and ensuring athletes can perform at their peak potential while minimizing the risk of respiratory-related issues. The S-Index Test is a dynamic evaluation of respiratory muscle strength. However, no comprehensive reference values regarding the S-Index Test have been reported yet. A total of 597 participants performed the S-Index Test. They were either well-trained athletes (WTA), or e-sports athletes (ESA), or age-matched controls (AMC) groups. The differences in S-Index Test results between sexes and for group-sex, and performance calibre tier-sex interactions were examined. The relationships between S-Index Test results and age, anthropometric indices and training experience were assessed. Reference values for all the groups were provided. Amongst athletes, the highest values were observed in swimmers and rowers, and the lowest in figure skaters and runners. The S-Index Test results were different for the group-sex interaction (P = 0.004, 151.6 ± 29.0 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for WTA males and 109.8 ± 21.6 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for WTA females, 136.7 ± 28.0 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for ESA males and 101.8 ± 22.0 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for ESA females, 128.7 ± 28.8 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for AMC males and 70.3 ± 24.7 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for AMC females) and higher in males than females (P < 0.001, 145.1 ± 30.5 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for males and 100.8 ± 27.6 cmH<sub>2</sub>O for females). The higher athletic level, presented as performance calibre tier, was not linked to higher respiratory muscle strength in the WTA group (P = 0.094). However, the Bonferroni correction revealed that except for the singular tier in females, there was a significant effect for all the other tiers and sexes (P < 0.001). The obtained results confirm that regardless of the level of physical activity, the anthropometric features are positively linked with respiratory muscle strength. Furthermore, age and training experience were positively correlated with the S-Index Test results in the WTA group.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12092,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Experimental Physiology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-19\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Experimental Physiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP091938\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"PHYSIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Experimental Physiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP091938","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHYSIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Reference values for respiratory muscle strength measured with the S-Index Test in well-trained athletes, e-sports athletes and age-matched controls.
Respiratory function assessment is crucial in optimizing athletic performance, safeguarding respiratory health, and ensuring athletes can perform at their peak potential while minimizing the risk of respiratory-related issues. The S-Index Test is a dynamic evaluation of respiratory muscle strength. However, no comprehensive reference values regarding the S-Index Test have been reported yet. A total of 597 participants performed the S-Index Test. They were either well-trained athletes (WTA), or e-sports athletes (ESA), or age-matched controls (AMC) groups. The differences in S-Index Test results between sexes and for group-sex, and performance calibre tier-sex interactions were examined. The relationships between S-Index Test results and age, anthropometric indices and training experience were assessed. Reference values for all the groups were provided. Amongst athletes, the highest values were observed in swimmers and rowers, and the lowest in figure skaters and runners. The S-Index Test results were different for the group-sex interaction (P = 0.004, 151.6 ± 29.0 cmH2O for WTA males and 109.8 ± 21.6 cmH2O for WTA females, 136.7 ± 28.0 cmH2O for ESA males and 101.8 ± 22.0 cmH2O for ESA females, 128.7 ± 28.8 cmH2O for AMC males and 70.3 ± 24.7 cmH2O for AMC females) and higher in males than females (P < 0.001, 145.1 ± 30.5 cmH2O for males and 100.8 ± 27.6 cmH2O for females). The higher athletic level, presented as performance calibre tier, was not linked to higher respiratory muscle strength in the WTA group (P = 0.094). However, the Bonferroni correction revealed that except for the singular tier in females, there was a significant effect for all the other tiers and sexes (P < 0.001). The obtained results confirm that regardless of the level of physical activity, the anthropometric features are positively linked with respiratory muscle strength. Furthermore, age and training experience were positively correlated with the S-Index Test results in the WTA group.
期刊介绍：
Experimental Physiology publishes research papers that report novel insights into homeostatic and adaptive responses in health, as well as those that further our understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms in disease. We encourage papers that embrace the journal’s orientation of translation and integration, including studies of the adaptive responses to exercise, acute and chronic environmental stressors, growth and aging, and diseases where integrative homeostatic mechanisms play a key role in the response to and evolution of the disease process. Examples of such diseases include hypertension, heart failure, hypoxic lung disease, endocrine and neurological disorders. We are also keen to publish research that has a translational aspect or clinical application. Comparative physiology work that can be applied to aid the understanding human physiology is also encouraged.
Manuscripts that report the use of bioinformatic, genomic, molecular, proteomic and cellular techniques to provide novel insights into integrative physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms are welcomed.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
