野生棕色卷尾猴(Sapajus apella)的体重增加与果实产量和社会支配力的关系

IF 2 3区 生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY
Nelson F. Galvis, Daniela Rodríguez, Pablo R. Stevenson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在生态环境中,自然选择可能有利于体重较大的个体垄断资源;然而,种群内体重的差异很大,潜在的因素也很多。在本研究中,我们评估了果实生产是否限制了一个猿群的体质量、其对行为的影响以及社会地位与体质量之间是否存在关系。我们使用焦点跟踪(20 分钟)记录了活动模式、体重(使用改良的奥豪斯量表)和整个群落的果实产量估计值(来自 60 个果实诱捕器)。在食物匮乏时期,体重保持相对稳定,但在食物丰富时期,大多数个体的体重都有所增加,这体现在它们的相对增长率(RGR)上。从属亚成体的相对增长率最高,这与其年龄相符。在果实丰产期,旅行、梳理毛发和玩耍等活动比果实稀缺期更为频繁,这表明了能量最大化和潜在的能量限制。我们还发现了群体内的行为差异,因为观察到雄性首领比其他个体摄食更频繁(时间更长)、更具攻击性(例如喂食树木)、接受更多的梳理。此外,雄性首领的体重比群体平均体重重 60%。我们的研究支持体重增加与果实丰度有关以及体型与社会支配地位有关的假设;然而,大型个体(包括雄性和雌性)似乎要付出高昂的代谢或繁殖成本,因为它们的体重增加不如小型个体多。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Body Mass Gain in Wild Brown Capuchins (Sapajus apella) in Relation to Fruit Production and Social Dominance

Body Mass Gain in Wild Brown Capuchins (Sapajus apella) in Relation to Fruit Production and Social Dominance

Body Mass Gain in Wild Brown Capuchins (Sapajus apella) in Relation to Fruit Production and Social Dominance

In ecological contexts natural selection might favor individuals with a larger body mass to monopolize resources; however, there is wide variation in body mass within populations and potential factors. In this study, we evaluated whether fruit production limits body mass in one group of Sapajus apella, its effects on behavior, and whether there is a relationship between social status and body mass. We recorded activity patterns using focal follows (20 min), body mass (using a modified Ohaus scale), and community wide fruit production estimates (from 60 fruit traps). Body mass remained relatively stable during periods of food scarcity, but in periods of abundance most individuals gained weight, as indicated by their relative growth rates (RGR). Subordinate subadults showed the highest RGR, as expected by their age. In periods of high fruit production activities as traveling, grooming, and playing were more frequent than during fruit scarcity, suggesting energy maximization and potential energetic constraints. We found differences in behavior within the group, as the alpha male was observed feeding more frequently (and for longer periods of time), was more aggressive (e.g., feeding trees), and received more grooming than other individuals. In addition, the alpha male was 60% heavier than the group's average body mass. Our study supports the hypothesis that body weight gain is related to fruit abundance and that body size is associated with social dominance; however, large individuals (both males and females) seem to incur in high metabolic or reproductive costs, as they do not gain much weight as smaller individuals.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
8.30%
发文量
103
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The objective of the American Journal of Primatology is to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and findings among primatologists and to convey our increasing understanding of this order of animals to specialists and interested readers alike. Primatology is an unusual science in that its practitioners work in a wide variety of departments and institutions, live in countries throughout the world, and carry out a vast range of research procedures. Whether we are anthropologists, psychologists, biologists, or medical researchers, whether we live in Japan, Kenya, Brazil, or the United States, whether we conduct naturalistic observations in the field or experiments in the lab, we are united in our goal of better understanding primates. Our studies of nonhuman primates are of interest to scientists in many other disciplines ranging from entomology to sociology.
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