利用 CT 扫描和三维重建对侏儒抹香鲸 Kogia breviceps(鲸目动物:Kogiidae)产前幼鲸进行解剖描述

Lara Bennati‐Madureira, Gabriel Leandro Gomes, Kellen Adriana Curci Daros, André Luis da Silva Casas
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人们对侏儒抹香鲸(Kogia breviceps,De Blainville,1838 年)的生物学知之甚少,对该物种的解剖学描述大多来自搁浅后的尸体解剖或保存在博物馆中的骨骼材料。尽管该物种分布广泛,但却很少见,其繁殖行为仍在研究之中。最终出现的怀孕雌性搁浅以及对胎儿的收集和描述可以提供有关该生物大部分未知的早期发育的线索。然而,这类生物材料极为罕见,由于存在损坏或丢失的风险,限制了解剖分析。在这里,我们描述了一个 84 厘米长的 K. breviceps 胎儿的外部和内部解剖结构。采用的方法是非侵入性的,即不在标本上做任何切口。使用计算机断层扫描图像和骨骼三维重建对胎儿进行了分析。我们观察到了大量特征,如轴向和附着骨骼结构、内脏器官、回声定位装置和脐带,以及该物种的诊断特征,如不对称头骨、精囊腔和假鳃色素沉着。我们建议采用同样的技术对更多不同发育阶段的标本进行分析,并与其他类群的标本作进一步比较,以便对鲸目动物的胚胎和胎儿发育进行更多的比较研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Anatomical description of a pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps (Cetacea: Kogiidae), pre‐term calf using CT scan and 3D reconstructions
Little is known about the biology of pygmy sperm whales, Kogia breviceps (De Blainville, 1838), being that most anatomical descriptions for the species derive from necropsy after stranding or from osteological material preserved in museums. This species is rarely seen despite its wide distribution, and its reproductive behaviour is still being investigated. The eventual occurrence of pregnant female strandings and the collection and description of foetuses can give clues about the organisms' mostly unknown early development. However, this type of biological material is extremely rare, limiting anatomical analysis due to the risk of damage or loss. Here, we describe the external and internal anatomy of an 84 cm long K. breviceps foetus. The methods utilised were non‐intrusive, meaning that no incisions were made on the specimen. The foetus was analysed using computed tomography images and a three‐dimensional reconstruction of the skeleton. A great number of features were observed, such as axial and appendicular skeletal structures, internal organs, echolocation apparatus and umbilical cord, as well as diagnostic characters of the species, such as the asymmetrical skull, spermaceti chamber and false gill pigmentation. We suggest that more specimens on different stages of development should be analysed by the same technique, as well as further comparison with specimens from other taxa, in order to facilitate more comparative studies on embryonic and foetal development of cetaceans.
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