适度干湿交替灌溉通过改善节水抗旱水稻在严重干旱下的叶绿体中层结构传导性提高其抗旱能力

IF 5.4 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Physiologia plantarum Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1111/ppl.14518

Quan Wang, Hao Wang, Qiuju Liu, Tiezhong Zhu, Haocong Xu, Haojie Ren, Ru Yang, Liquan Wu, Qiangqiang Zhang, Jian Ke, Cuicui You, Haibing He

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引用次数: 0

摘要

采用干湿交替灌溉（AWDI）的节水抗旱水稻（WDR）在干旱条件下具有较高的叶片间传导率（gm），因而具有较高的光合潜力。然而，AWDI条件下WDR叶片gm的生理和结构贡献及其机制仍不清楚。本研究选取了 WDR（汉优 73）和对干旱敏感的水稻（惠连优 898）作为材料。从插秧到抽穗期建立了三种灌溉模式，包括常规大水漫灌（W1）、中度干旱（W2）和严重干旱（W3）。在所有处理和栽培品种的抽穗期，土壤水势为-50 kPa的严重干旱持续一周。结果表明，严重干旱降低了三个处理和两个栽培品种的气体交换参数和克重，但提高了抗氧化酶活性和丙二醛含量。在 W2 处理中，HY73 的最大光合速率（Amax）高于其他栽培品种和灌溉模式组合。在汉优 73 的 W2 处理中，叶片结构（54%）对总光合速率（gm-S，结构总光合速率）的贡献高于叶片生理（46%）对总光合速率（gm-P，生理总光合速率）的贡献。此外，在严重干旱条件下，gm-S 与 gm 呈显著线性正相关。此外，水稻植株的初始量子效率和表观量子效率都与克重有显著正相关（p < 0.05）。这些结果表明，在严重干旱条件下，WDR 结合适度 AWDI 对光合作用和产量的改善主要归因于 gm-S 的提高。量子效率可能是在严重干旱条件下通过与水稻植株的 gm 合作调节光合作用的一个潜在因素。

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Moderate alternate wetting and drying irrigation enhances drought‐resistance abilities by improving structural mesophyll conductance of water‐saving and drought‐resistant rice under severe drought

Water‐saving and drought‐resistant rice (WDR) coupled with alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWDI) possesses a high photosynthetic potential due to higher mesophyll conductance (gm) under drought conditions. However, the physiological and structural contributions to the gm of leaves and their mechanisms in WDR under AWDI are still unclear. In this study, WDR (Hanyou 73) and drought‐sensitive rice (Huiliangyou 898) were selected as materials. Three irrigation patterns were established from transplanting to the heading stage, including conventional flooding irrigation (W1), moderate AWDI (W2), and severe AWDI (W3). A severe drought with a soil water potential of −50 kPa was applied for a week at the heading stage across all treatments and cultivars. The results revealed that severe drought reduced gas exchange parameters and gm but enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde content in the three treatments and both cultivars. The maximal photosynthetic rate (Amax) of HY73 in the W2 treatment was greater than that in the other combinations of cultivars and irrigation patterns. The contribution of leaf structure (54%) to gm (gm‐S, structural gm) was higher than that of leaf physiology (46%) to gm (gm‐P, physiological gm) in the W2 treatment of Hanyou 73. Additionally, gm‐S was significantly and linearly positively correlated with gm under severe drought. Moreover, both the initial and apparent quantum efficiencies were significantly and positively with gm in rice plants (p < 0.05). These results suggest that the improvements in photosynthesis and yield in the WDR combined with moderate AWDI can mainly be attributed to the enhancement of gm‐S under severe drought conditions. Quantum efficiency may be a potential factor in regulating photosynthesis by cooperating with the gm of rice plants under severe drought conditions.

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来源期刊

Physiologia plantarum 生物-植物科学

CiteScore

11.00

自引率

3.10%

发文量

224

审稿时长

3.9 months

期刊介绍： Physiologia Plantarum is an international journal committed to publishing the best full-length original research papers that advance our understanding of primary mechanisms of plant development, growth and productivity as well as plant interactions with the biotic and abiotic environment. All organisational levels of experimental plant biology – from molecular and cell biology, biochemistry and biophysics to ecophysiology and global change biology – fall within the scope of the journal. The content is distributed between 5 main subject areas supervised by Subject Editors specialised in the respective domain: (1) biochemistry and metabolism, (2) ecophysiology, stress and adaptation, (3) uptake, transport and assimilation, (4) development, growth and differentiation, (5) photobiology and photosynthesis.