长江-淮河流域及华南季风降水的微物理特征：来自 GPM DPR 观测的比较研究

IF 4.2 2区地球科学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Remote Sensing Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI:10.3390/rs16183433

Zelin Wang, Xiong Hu, Weihua Ai, Junqi Qiao, Xianbin Zhao

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引用次数: 0

摘要

根据长期同质主动卫星观测资料对不同地区的降水特征进行比较分析是非常罕见的。本研究将全球降水测量双频降水雷达（GPM DPR）观测资料与欧洲中期天气预报中心第五次再分析（ERA5）资料相结合，比较研究了2014-2023年长江-淮河流域和华南地区雨季季风降水的微物理特征。从降水类型和强度、降水效率指数（PEI）和冰相层宽度等方面进行了对比分析。结果表明，由于对流性降水出现较频繁，南充地区的平均近地面降水速率和降水效率指数（2.87 mm/h，3.43 h-1）普遍高于渝东南地区（2.27 mm/h，3.22 h-1）。两地雨季强降水的 DSD 特性与深海对流相似，都与水汽量较大有关。然而，在南极洲上空，近地面降水中的雨滴较大但较少。此外，中等 PEI 降水是强降水（>8 毫米/小时）的主要成因。YHRB上空的层状降水足够频繁，比对流降水对强降水（8-20 毫米/小时）的贡献更大。对流可用势能较强和低层垂直风的共同作用，有利于南中国海上空的强对流，导致风暴顶部高度（STH）比YHRB上空大。因此，这有利于加强降水中冰相和融化相的微物理过程。垂直风还会影响融化层以下的液相过程。总之，这些动态微物理过程对降水效率和强度的形成非常重要。

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Microphysical Characteristics of Monsoon Precipitation over Yangtze-and-Huai River Basin and South China: A Comparative Study from GPM DPR Observation

It is rare to conduct a comparative analysis of precipitation characteristics across regions based on long-term homogeneous active satellite observations. By collocating the Global Precipitation Measurement Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (GPM DPR) observations with European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts 5th Reanalysis (ERA5) data, this study comparatively examines the microphysics of monsoon precipitation in the rainy season over the Yangtze-and-Huai River Basin (YHRB) and South China (SC) from 2014 to 2023. The comparative analysis is made in terms of precipitation types and intensities, precipitation efficiency index (PEI), and ice phase layer (IPL) width. The results show that the mean near-surface precipitation rate and PEI are generally higher over SC (2.87 mm/h, 3.43 h−1) than over YHRB (2.27 mm/h, 3.22 h−1) due to the more frequent occurrence of convective precipitation. The DSD characteristics of heavy precipitation in the wet season for both regions are similar to those of deep ocean convection, which is associated with a greater amount of water vapor. However, over SC, there are larger but fewer raindrops in the near-surface precipitation. Moreover, moderate PEI precipitation is the main contributor to heavy precipitation (>8 mm/h). Stratiform precipitation over YHRB is frequent enough to contribute more than convective precipitation to heavy precipitation (8–20 mm/h). The combined effect of stronger convective available potential energy and low-level vertical wind favors intense convection over SC, resulting in a larger storm top height (STH) than that over YHRB. Consequently, it is conducive to enhancing the microphysical processes of the ice and melt phases within the precipitation. The vertical wind can also influence the liquid phase processes below the melting layer. Collectively, these dynamic microphysical processes are important in shaping the efficiency and intensity of precipitation.

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来源期刊

Remote Sensing REMOTE SENSING-

CiteScore

8.30

自引率

24.00%

发文量

5435

审稿时长

20.66 days

期刊介绍： Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292) publishes regular research papers, reviews, letters and communications covering all aspects of the remote sensing process, from instrument design and signal processing to the retrieval of geophysical parameters and their application in geosciences. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish experimental, theoretical and computational results in as much detail as possible so that results can be easily reproduced. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.