Incidence, Risk Factors, and Correlation with Caprini Score of Deep Vein Thrombosis After Colpocleisis with/without Concomitant Hysterectomy for Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Elderly Women

Introduction and Hypothesis

The objective was to investigate the incidence and risk factors of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in elderly women undergoing colpocleisis for pelvic organ prolapse and to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the Caprini scores.

Methods

Data from patients who underwent colpocleisis from August 2019 to April 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoint was DVT detected by ultrasonography within 7 days of surgery. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to identify independent risk factors. Efficacy parameters of the Caprini scores were analyzed and optimal cut-off values were selected.

Results

A total of 262 patients were enrolled in the study, of whom 8.4% (22 out of 262) developed DVT postoperatively. After statistical analysis, the duration of menopause, history of inflammatory bowel disease, as well as higher levels of preoperative cholesterol and preoperative D-dimer, were identified as independent risk factors. There was a significant difference in the Caprini scores between the DVT and non-DVT groups (7.27 ± 1.28 vs 6.15 ± 0.80, p < 0.001), and the risk of DVT tended to increase with higher Caprini scores. The best performance was achieved when the threshold for the Caprini score was set to 7, at which point the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.758, the sensitivity was 0.773, and the specificity was 0.662.

Conclusion

There was a strong correlation between the occurrence of DVT after colpocleisis and the Caprini score, with higher Caprini scores indicating a higher risk of postoperative DVT. A significantly increased risk was suggested when this score was ≥ 7.