评估危险工业固体废物的生物降解性：关键参数研究

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI:10.1002/jeq2.20624

M. Auset, L. Margarit, J. Cuadros, L. Fernández‐Ruano, M. Claramunt, X. Mundet

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引用次数: 0

摘要

固体废物的生物稳定性是与垃圾填埋场的环境影响及其长期排放潜力相关的主要问题之一。现行的欧洲立法（欧洲垃圾填埋场指令，EC/99/31）规定，必须减少垃圾填埋场中沉积的可生物降解的有机化合物；但是，它既没有规定官方参数，也没有规定界定此类废物稳定性的方法。在西班牙，生物降解性一般采用生物需氧量/化学需氧量（BOD5/COD）比值进行评估，根据沥滤液进行测量，因此没有考虑非溶解部分，从而造成错误的阴性结果。为了解决这个问题，我们通过测量有害工业废物的呼吸活性（AT4）来确定其生物降解性。我们的研究结果表明，AT4 的测量与微生物接种体的富集无关，对于灵敏的生物降解性测定来说，样品量不超过 20 克是一个合理的值。pH 值在 6.5 和 10.5 之间的废物的呼吸指数最高。此外，呼吸生物降解性值与有机物特征的传统参数（如 BOD5/COD 比值、挥发物含量、总有机碳和溶解有机碳）无关。因此，AT4 参数为有害工业废物中有机物的组成和稳定性提供了新的信息。将其纳入预处置废物特征描述规程中，可以识别出超过建议生物降解阈值的废物。这种方法可确保只有符合规定的生物降解性标准的废物才被堆放，避免填埋排放和相关的环境影响，从而提高废物管理方法的整体有效性和可持续性。

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Evaluation of the biodegradability of hazardous industrial solid waste: Study of key parameters

The biological stability of solid waste is one of the main problems related to the environmental impact of landfills and their long‐term emission potential. Current European legislation (European Landfill Directive, EC/99/31) introduced the need to reduce biodegradable organic compounds deposited in landfills; however, it set neither official parameters nor methods to define the stability of such a waste. In Spain, biodegradability is generally evaluated using the biological oxygen demand/chemical oxygen demand (BOD5/COD) ratio, measuring it on the leachate, thus not considering the non‐soluble fraction and therefore creating false negatives. To solve this problem, the biodegradability of hazardous industrial waste has been determined by measuring its respirometric activity (AT4). Our results show that the measure of the AT4 is independent of the enrichment with a microbial inoculum, and a sample size no higher than 20 g could be a reasonable value for a sensitive biodegradability determination. The highest respirometric index is obtained in waste with pH values between 6.5 and 10.5. Furthermore, respirometric biodegradability values are independent of traditional parameters of organic matter characterization such as BOD5/COD ratio, volatile content, and total and dissolved organic carbon. Consequently, the AT4 parameter provides new information on the composition and stability of organic matter in hazardous industrial waste. Its incorporation into pre‐disposal waste characterization protocols allows to identify waste that exceeds recommended biodegradability thresholds. This approach ensures that only waste meeting specified biodegradability standards is deposited, avoiding landfill emissions and related environmental impacts, and thereby improving the overall effectiveness and sustainability of waste management practices.

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来源期刊

Journal of environmental quality 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

8.30%

发文量

123

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Articles in JEQ cover various aspects of anthropogenic impacts on the environment, including agricultural, terrestrial, atmospheric, and aquatic systems, with emphasis on the understanding of underlying processes. To be acceptable for consideration in JEQ, a manuscript must make a significant contribution to the advancement of knowledge or toward a better understanding of existing concepts. The study should define principles of broad applicability, be related to problems over a sizable geographic area, or be of potential interest to a representative number of scientists. Emphasis is given to the understanding of underlying processes rather than to monitoring. Contributions are accepted from all disciplines for consideration by the editorial board. Manuscripts may be volunteered, invited, or coordinated as a special section or symposium.