重新安置在高收入国家的难民的孤独感和社会隔离感:系统回顾

IF 4.9 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
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引用次数: 0

摘要

难民在重新安置后会遇到多种社会心理压力,这增加了他们罹患精神疾病的风险。在难民群体中,孤独和社会隔离是常见的现象,而且在普通人群中,孤独和社会隔离已被证明与多种身心健康合并症有关。然而,迄今为止,还没有任何一项研究系统地回顾了孤独感和社会隔离会如何影响在高收入国家重新定居的难民。本系统性综述旨在研究在高收入国家重新定居的难民中,孤独感和社会隔离的发生率、风险因素、后果和干预措施。在五个电子数据库中进行系统检索后,共获得2950篇论文,其中69篇经标题和摘要双盲审查后被认为符合条件,随后又进行了全文审查。从纳入的研究中发现,孤独感(15.9%-47.7%)和社会孤立感(9.8%-61.2%)的报告流行率范围高于人口标准。与孤独和社会隔离相关的风险因素包括家庭分离、文化适应压力、女性或父母以及目前被诊断患有精神疾病。研究发现,孤独和社会隔离与抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)、心理困扰以及身体健康问题有关。研究仅发现了三项针对孤独和社会隔离的干预措施,这表明将社会支持纳入难民社会心理支持项目的重要性。总之,大部分在高收入国家重新定居的难民都报告了孤独感和社会隔离感。虽然某些风险因素在移民前是静态的,但大多数风险因素在移民后才出现,并对身心健康产生不利影响。因此,迫切需要根据难民社区的需要,采取干预措施,重点减少孤独和社会隔离现象。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Loneliness and social isolation amongst refugees resettled in high-income countries: A systematic review

Refugees encounter multiple psychosocial stressors post-resettlement which increases their risk of developing a mental illness. Loneliness and social isolation are commonly reported in the refugee population and have been demonstrated to be associated with multiple physical and mental health comorbidities in the general population. However, no study to date has systematically reviewed how loneliness and social isolation may affect refugees who have resettled in high-income countries. This systematic review aims to study the prevalence, risk factors, consequences, and interventions for loneliness and social isolation among refugees who have resettled in high-income countries. Systematic searches on five electronic databases yielded 2950 papers, of which 69 were deemed eligible following a double-blinded review by title and abstract then later by full text. From the included studies, it was found that the reported range of prevalence rates of loneliness (15.9–47.7%) and social isolation (9.8–61.2%) were higher than population norms. Risk factors associated with loneliness and social isolation included family separation, acculturative stress, being female or a parent and a current diagnosis of a mental illness. Loneliness and social isolation were found to be associated with depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), psychological distress as well as physical health problems. Only three interventions addressing loneliness and social isolation were identified which demonstrates the importance of integrating social support in refugee psycho-social support programs. In summary, loneliness and social isolation were reported by a large proportion of refugees who have resettled in high-income countries. Whilst certain risk factors were pre-migratory and static, most were post-migratory in nature and were found to adversely affect mental and physical health. Thus, interventions focused on reducing loneliness and social isolation that are guided by the needs of refugee communities are urgently required.

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来源期刊
Social Science & Medicine
Social Science & Medicine PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
9.10
自引率
5.60%
发文量
762
审稿时长
38 days
期刊介绍: Social Science & Medicine provides an international and interdisciplinary forum for the dissemination of social science research on health. We publish original research articles (both empirical and theoretical), reviews, position papers and commentaries on health issues, to inform current research, policy and practice in all areas of common interest to social scientists, health practitioners, and policy makers. The journal publishes material relevant to any aspect of health from a wide range of social science disciplines (anthropology, economics, epidemiology, geography, policy, psychology, and sociology), and material relevant to the social sciences from any of the professions concerned with physical and mental health, health care, clinical practice, and health policy and organization. We encourage material which is of general interest to an international readership.
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