免耕覆盖与绿肥保留可减少碳排放,提高作物产量,促进农业可持续发展

IF 4.5 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
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引用次数: 0

摘要

小麦-玉米轮作作为干旱灌溉区的典型种植模式,存在资源利用率低、碳排放量高(CEs)等弊端,严重制约了农业的绿色可持续发展。绿肥能否适当地融入小麦-玉米轮作系统,在实现增产、增效、减排的同时提高农业的可持续性,目前尚不清楚。2019 年至 2022 年,在中国西北干旱绿洲地区开展了一项田间试验。五个处理如下(i)常规耕作与休闲(CT),(ii)免耕覆土与绿肥保留(NTG),(iii)免耕并去除地上部分绿肥(NT),(iv)绿肥与土壤混合耕作(TG),(v)部分绿肥从地面去除并将根系融入土壤的耕作(T)。本试验研究了不同绿肥还田方式对玉米产量、用水量和 CE 相关参数的影响,以评估不同绿肥还田方式的可持续性。我们发现,与 CT 相比,NTG 和 TG 的玉米籽粒产量(GY)分别提高了 26.1% 和 26.7%,玉米能量产量(EY)分别提高了 19.8% 和 18.8%,基于籽粒产量的用水效率(WUEGY)分别提高了 35.1% 和 30.8%,基于能量产量的用水效率(WUEEY)分别提高了 29.3% 和 22.5%。与 CT 相比,NTG 的 CEs 降低了 7.4%,碳排放效率(CEE)提高了 28.8%。此外,NTG 提高了土壤固碳潜力(NPP/CE),同时提高了净初级生产力(NPP)、净生态系统生产力(NEP)和固碳量(CS)。在不同的绿肥还田方法中,NTG 的可持续性评价指数(SI)最高。因此,免耕覆盖与绿肥保留可作为干旱绿洲灌溉区绿色可持续生产的推荐绿肥还田方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
No-tillage mulch with green manure retention can mitigate carbon emissions, increase crop productivity, and promote agricultural sustainability

Wheat–maize rotation, as a typical planting mode in arid irrigation areas, has some disadvantages, such as a low resource utilization rate and high carbon emissions (CEs), which seriously limits green and sustainable agricultural development. It is unclear whether green manure can be properly incorporated into a wheat–maize rotation system to improve agricultural sustainability while achieving yield increases, higher efficiency, and emission reductions. A field experiment was carried out at an arid oasis region in northwestern China from 2019 to 2022. The five treatments were treated as follows: (i) conventional tillage and leisure (CT), (ii) no-tillage mulch with green manure retention (NTG), (iii) no-tillage and removal of above-ground green manure (NT), (iv) tillage in which green manure is mixed with soil (TG), and (v) tillage in which green manure is partially removed from the ground and roots are incorporated into the soil (T). In this experiment, the effects of different green manure return methods on maize yield, water use, and CE-related parameters were investigated to evaluate the sustainability of different green manure return methods. We found that compared with CT, NTG and TG increased the maize grain yield (GY) by 26.1 % and 26.7 %, maize energy yield (EY) by 19.8 % and 18.8 %, water use efficiency based on grain yield (WUEGY) by 35.1 % and 30.8 %, and water use efficiency based on energy yield (WUEEY) by 29.3 % and 22.5 %, respectively. Compared with CT, the CEs of NTG were reduced by 7.4 %, and the carbon emission efficiency (CEE) increased by 28.8 %. In addition, NTG increased soil carbon sequestration potential (NPP/CE) while increasing net primary productivity (NPP), net ecosystem productivity (NEP), and carbon sequestration (CS). The sustainability evaluation index (SI) of NTG was the highest among the different green manure return methods. Therefore, no-tillage mulch with green manure retention can be used as a recommended green manure return method for green, sustainable production in arid oasis irrigated areas.

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来源期刊
European Journal of Agronomy
European Journal of Agronomy 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
8.30
自引率
7.70%
发文量
187
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Agronomy, the official journal of the European Society for Agronomy, publishes original research papers reporting experimental and theoretical contributions to field-based agronomy and crop science. The journal will consider research at the field level for agricultural, horticultural and tree crops, that uses comprehensive and explanatory approaches. The EJA covers the following topics: crop physiology crop production and management including irrigation, fertilization and soil management agroclimatology and modelling plant-soil relationships crop quality and post-harvest physiology farming and cropping systems agroecosystems and the environment crop-weed interactions and management organic farming horticultural crops papers from the European Society for Agronomy bi-annual meetings In determining the suitability of submitted articles for publication, particular scrutiny is placed on the degree of novelty and significance of the research and the extent to which it adds to existing knowledge in agronomy.
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