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IF 4.5 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126274

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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言：接种季节性流感疫苗可预防严重流感疾病和死亡。世界卫生组织（WHO）鼓励所有国家根据本国国情，考虑每年为医务工作者、慢性病患者、老年人、孕妇和其他高危人群接种季节性流感疫苗。本文介绍了截至 2022 年 12 月全球各国流感疫苗接种政策和计划的最新情况：我们分析了 WHO-UNICEF（联合国儿童基金会）免疫接种联合报告表中与流感疫苗相关的数据。我们使用 STATA 17 对全球报告的季节性流感疫苗供应情况和季节性流感疫苗接种政策进行了描述性分析：2022年，74%的世卫组织成员国（143/194）提供了季节性流感疫苗。制定了季节性流感疫苗接种政策的国家较少，占世卫组织成员国的66%（128/194），其中68个国家报告称制定了公共部门政策，53个国家报告称制定了公共和私营部门政策，2个国家报告称仅制定了私营部门政策，5个国家未报告制定了部门政策。超过半数的世卫组织成员国（100 个国家）建议每年为世卫组织建议的所有四类优先人群接种季节性流感疫苗。64 个国家报告了流感疫苗接种覆盖率数据；在全球范围内，不同群体的接种率中位数各不相同：孕妇为 37%，老年人为 55%，医务工作者为 62%：讨论：随着时间的推移，使用季节性流感疫苗的国家数量有所增加，但仍有机会继续发展和加强国家计划，特别是在中低收入国家（LMICs）。为了支持各国，世卫组织正在提供技术指导和资源，以便更好地报告流感疫苗接种数据。更完整、更高质量的数据将有助于各国和全球卫生利益相关方支持国家决策和计划强化。在条件允许的情况下，世卫组织鼓励各国联合接种流感疫苗和 COVID-19 疫苗，以提高计划效率和两种疫苗在推荐人群中的覆盖率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Seasonal influenza vaccination: A global review of national policies in 194 WHO member states in 2022

Introduction: Seasonal influenza vaccination prevents severe influenza disease and death. The World Health Organization (WHO) encourages all countries to consider annual seasonal influenza vaccination for health workers, people with chronic conditions, older adults, pregnant women and other high-risk populations as relevant for their national context. This paper provides a global update on the status of countries' influenza vaccination policies and programmes as of December 2022.

Methods: We analysed the WHO-UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund) Joint Reporting Form on Immunization's influenza vaccine-related data. We used STATA 17 to conduct descriptive analyses of reported seasonal influenza vaccine availability and seasonal influenza vaccination policies globally.

Results: Seasonal influenza vaccine doses were available in 74 % of WHO Member States (143/194) in 2022. Fewer countries, 66 % of WHO Member States (128/194), had a seasonal influenza vaccination policy, of which 68 countries reported having a policy for the public sector, 53 for the public and private sectors, two for the private sector only, and five did not report the sector. More than half of WHO Member States (100 countries) recommend annual seasonal influenza vaccination for all four of the WHO recommended priority groups. Influenza vaccination coverage data were reported by 64 countries; globally the median coverage rates varied by group: 37 % for pregnant women, 55 % for older adults and 62 % for health workers.

Discussion: The number of countries using seasonal influenza vaccines has grown over time, but there is still opportunity for continued development and strengthening of national programmes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). To support countries, WHO is providing technical guidance and resources to enable better reporting of influenza vaccination data. More complete and higher quality data will help countries and global health stakeholders to support national decision-making and programme strengthening. Where available, WHO encourages countries to co-administer influenza and COVID-19 vaccination to increase programmatic efficiency and coverage of both vaccines among recommended groups.

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来源期刊

Vaccine 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

5.50%

发文量

992

审稿时长

131 days

期刊介绍： Vaccine is unique in publishing the highest quality science across all disciplines relevant to the field of vaccinology - all original article submissions across basic and clinical research, vaccine manufacturing, history, public policy, behavioral science and ethics, social sciences, safety, and many other related areas are welcomed. The submission categories as given in the Guide for Authors indicate where we receive the most papers. Papers outside these major areas are also welcome and authors are encouraged to contact us with specific questions.