Mattia Boeri , Federica Sabia , Roberta E. Ledda , Maurizio Balbi , Paola Suatoni , Miriam Segale , Anna Zanghì , Anna Cantarutti , Luigi Rolli , Camilla Valsecchi , Giovanni Corrao , Alfonso Marchianò , Ugo Pastorino , Gabriella Sozzi
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Here we aim to assess the utility of repeated MSC testing during annual screening rounds in 1024 participants with suspicious LDCT findings.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The primary outcome was two-year lung cancer incidence in relation to MSC test results, reported as relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Lung cancer incidence and mortality were estimated using extended Cox models for time-dependent covariates, yielding the respective hazard ratios (HR). <span><span>Clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> ID: <span><span>NCT02247453</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>With a median follow-up of 8.5 years, the full study set included 1403 indeterminate LDCT (CTind) and 584 positive LDCT (CT+) results. A lung cancer RR increase in MSC+ compared to MSC- participants was observed in both the CTind (RR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.4–4.32) and CT+ (RR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.81–3.74) groups and was maintained when considering stage I or resectable tumors only. A 98% negative predictive value in CTind/MSC− and a 30% positive predictive value in CT+/MSC+ lesions were recorded. At seven years’ follow-up, MSC+ participants had a cumulative HR of 4.4 (95% CI: 3.0–6.4) for lung cancer incidence and of 8.1 (95% CI: 2.7–24.5) for lung cancer mortality.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Our study shows that MSC can be reliably performed during LDCT screening rounds to increase the accuracy of lung cancer risk and mortality prediction and supports its clinical utility in the management of LDCT findings of uncertain malignancy.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>Italian Association for <span>Cancer Research</span>; <span>Italian Ministry of Health</span>; <span>Horizon2020</span>; <span>National Cancer Institute</span> (NCI); <span>Gensignia LifeScience</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53223,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Europe","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 101070"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776224002370/pdfft?md5=80bf92de5915924fb0056eb8a035384e&pid=1-s2.0-S2666776224002370-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Blood microRNA testing in participants with suspicious low-dose CT findings: follow-up of the BioMILD lung cancer screening trial\",\"authors\":\"Mattia Boeri , Federica Sabia , Roberta E. 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Blood microRNA testing in participants with suspicious low-dose CT findings: follow-up of the BioMILD lung cancer screening trial
Background
The proper management of suspicious radiologic findings is crucial to optimize the effectiveness of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer screening trials. In the BioMILD study, we evaluated the utility of combining a plasma 24-microRNA signature classifier (MSC) and LDCT to define the individual risk and personalize screening strategies. Here we aim to assess the utility of repeated MSC testing during annual screening rounds in 1024 participants with suspicious LDCT findings.
Methods
The primary outcome was two-year lung cancer incidence in relation to MSC test results, reported as relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Lung cancer incidence and mortality were estimated using extended Cox models for time-dependent covariates, yielding the respective hazard ratios (HR). Clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT02247453.
Findings
With a median follow-up of 8.5 years, the full study set included 1403 indeterminate LDCT (CTind) and 584 positive LDCT (CT+) results. A lung cancer RR increase in MSC+ compared to MSC- participants was observed in both the CTind (RR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.4–4.32) and CT+ (RR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.81–3.74) groups and was maintained when considering stage I or resectable tumors only. A 98% negative predictive value in CTind/MSC− and a 30% positive predictive value in CT+/MSC+ lesions were recorded. At seven years’ follow-up, MSC+ participants had a cumulative HR of 4.4 (95% CI: 3.0–6.4) for lung cancer incidence and of 8.1 (95% CI: 2.7–24.5) for lung cancer mortality.
Interpretation
Our study shows that MSC can be reliably performed during LDCT screening rounds to increase the accuracy of lung cancer risk and mortality prediction and supports its clinical utility in the management of LDCT findings of uncertain malignancy.
Funding
Italian Association for Cancer Research; Italian Ministry of Health; Horizon2020; National Cancer Institute (NCI); Gensignia LifeScience.
期刊介绍：
The Lancet Regional Health – Europe, a gold open access journal, is part of The Lancet's global effort to promote healthcare quality and accessibility worldwide. It focuses on advancing clinical practice and health policy in the European region to enhance health outcomes. The journal publishes high-quality original research advocating changes in clinical practice and health policy. It also includes reviews, commentaries, and opinion pieces on regional health topics, such as infection and disease prevention, healthy aging, and reducing health disparities.
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