空气污染暴露与心血管疾病之间的风险关联:居住地回顾性队列研究

IF 2.5 4区 地球科学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Atmosphere Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.3390/atmos15091113
Elisa Bustaffa, Cristina Mangia, Liliana Cori, Marco Cervino, Fabrizio Bianchi, Fabrizio Minichilli
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引用次数: 0

摘要

维纳弗洛山谷(意大利南部)的居民面临着各种类型的空气污染问题(工业设施、交通和生物质燃烧)。为了估算各种污染源的暴露程度,我们使用了一个多阶段随机森林模型,将颗粒物(PM)数据与卫星观测数据、土地利用模式和气象信息整合在一起,生成 PM2.5 浓度地图。使用四分法确定了四个不同的 PM2.5 暴露类别。为了评估 PM2.5 与特定病因死亡率和发病率之间的关系,我们进行了时间依赖性和性别特定的 Cox 多元回归分析,并对年龄分级进行了调整。此外,危险比还附有一个概率度量,用于衡量与所研究的暴露相关的健康风险假设的证据强度(1-p 值)。整个人群暴露于 PM2.5 的年浓度水平超过了世界卫生组织建议的 5 µg/m3 限值。在第 3 类人群中,观察到男女心脏病死亡率均超标。在第 3 类和第 4 类中,男女两性的心血管疾病死亡率均超标。研究强调了需要采取减缓行动的重要信号,地区当局目前正在考虑采取这些行动。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Risk Associations between Air Pollution Exposure and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Residential Retrospective Cohort Study
The population of the Venafro Valley (Southern Italy) faces various type of air pollution problems (industrial facilities, traffic, and biomass combustion). To estimate exposure to various pollution sources, a multi-stage random forest model was used, integrating particulate matter (PM) data with satellite observations, land-use patterns, and meteorological information generating maps of PM2.5 concentration. Four distinct PM2.5 exposure categories were established using the quartile method. To assess the association between PM2.5 and cause-specific mortality and morbidity, a time-dependent and sex-specific Cox multiple regression analysis was conducted, adjusting for age classes. In addition, the hazard ratios were accompanied by a probability measure of the strength of the evidence toward a hypothesis of health risk associated with the exposure under study (1−p value). The whole cohort was exposed to PM2.5 annual levels exceeding the 5 µg/m3 limit recommended by the World Health Organization. Mortality excesses were observed in class 3 for both sexes for cardiac heart diseases. Excesses of cardiovascular diseases were observed for both sexes in class 3 and 4. The study highlights significant signals warranting mitigation actions, which regional authorities are currently considering.
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来源期刊
Atmosphere
Atmosphere METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
13.80%
发文量
1769
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433) is an international and cross-disciplinary scholarly journal of scientific studies related to the atmosphere. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, communications and short notes, and there is no restriction on the length of the papers. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided for research articles.
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