{"title":"奥米克龙二价疫苗、既往感染及其诱导的中和抗体对无症状感染奥米克龙 XBB.1.16 和 EG.5.1 的保护作用","authors":"Shohei Yamamoto, Kouki Matsuda, Kenji Maeda, Tetsuya Mizoue, Kumi Horii, Kaori Okudera, Tomofumi Tan, Yusuke Oshiro, Natsumi Inamura, Takashi Nemoto, Junko S Takeuchi, Maki Konishi, Haruhito Sugiyama, Nobuyoshi Aoyanagi, Wataru Sugiura, Norio Ohmagari","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofae519","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background Data are limited on the protective role of the Omicron BA bivalent vaccine, previous infection, and their induced neutralizing antibodies against Omicron XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 infection. Methods We conducted a nested case-control analysis among tertiary hospital staff in Tokyo who had received three or more doses of COVID-19 vaccines and donated blood samples in June 2023 (1 month before Omicron XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 wave). We identified 206 symptomatic cases between June and September 2023 and selected their controls with 1:1 propensity-score matching. We examined the association of vaccination, previous infection, and preinfection live-virus neutralizing antibody titers against Omicron XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 with the risk of COVID-19 infection. Results Previous infection during Omicron BA- or XBB-dominant phases was associated with a significantly lower infection risk during the XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 dominant phase than infection-naïve with 70% and 100% protection, respectively, whereas Omicron BA bivalent vaccination showed no association. Preinfection-neutralizing titers against XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 were 39% (95%CI: 8–60) and 28% (95%CI: 8–44), respectively, lower in cases than in matched controls. Neutralizing activity against XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1. were somewhat detectable in the sera of individuals with previous infection but barely detectable in those who were infection-naïve and received the Omicron bivalent vaccine. Conclusions In the era when the Omicron XBB vaccine was unavailable, the Omicron BA bivalent vaccine did not confer the neutralizing activity and protection against Omicron XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 symptomatic infection. The previous infection afforded neutralizing titers and protection against symptomatic infection with these variants.","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Protection of Omicron bivalent vaccine, previous infection, and their induced neutralizing antibodies against symptomatic infection with Omicron XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1\",\"authors\":\"Shohei Yamamoto, Kouki Matsuda, Kenji Maeda, Tetsuya Mizoue, Kumi Horii, Kaori Okudera, Tomofumi Tan, Yusuke Oshiro, Natsumi Inamura, Takashi Nemoto, Junko S Takeuchi, Maki Konishi, Haruhito Sugiyama, Nobuyoshi Aoyanagi, Wataru Sugiura, Norio Ohmagari\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/ofid/ofae519\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Background Data are limited on the protective role of the Omicron BA bivalent vaccine, previous infection, and their induced neutralizing antibodies against Omicron XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 infection. Methods We conducted a nested case-control analysis among tertiary hospital staff in Tokyo who had received three or more doses of COVID-19 vaccines and donated blood samples in June 2023 (1 month before Omicron XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 wave). We identified 206 symptomatic cases between June and September 2023 and selected their controls with 1:1 propensity-score matching. We examined the association of vaccination, previous infection, and preinfection live-virus neutralizing antibody titers against Omicron XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 with the risk of COVID-19 infection. Results Previous infection during Omicron BA- or XBB-dominant phases was associated with a significantly lower infection risk during the XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 dominant phase than infection-naïve with 70% and 100% protection, respectively, whereas Omicron BA bivalent vaccination showed no association. Preinfection-neutralizing titers against XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 were 39% (95%CI: 8–60) and 28% (95%CI: 8–44), respectively, lower in cases than in matched controls. Neutralizing activity against XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1. were somewhat detectable in the sera of individuals with previous infection but barely detectable in those who were infection-naïve and received the Omicron bivalent vaccine. Conclusions In the era when the Omicron XBB vaccine was unavailable, the Omicron BA bivalent vaccine did not confer the neutralizing activity and protection against Omicron XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 symptomatic infection. The previous infection afforded neutralizing titers and protection against symptomatic infection with these variants.\",\"PeriodicalId\":19517,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Open Forum Infectious Diseases\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-06\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Open Forum Infectious Diseases\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofae519\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"IMMUNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofae519","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Protection of Omicron bivalent vaccine, previous infection, and their induced neutralizing antibodies against symptomatic infection with Omicron XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1
Background Data are limited on the protective role of the Omicron BA bivalent vaccine, previous infection, and their induced neutralizing antibodies against Omicron XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 infection. Methods We conducted a nested case-control analysis among tertiary hospital staff in Tokyo who had received three or more doses of COVID-19 vaccines and donated blood samples in June 2023 (1 month before Omicron XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 wave). We identified 206 symptomatic cases between June and September 2023 and selected their controls with 1:1 propensity-score matching. We examined the association of vaccination, previous infection, and preinfection live-virus neutralizing antibody titers against Omicron XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 with the risk of COVID-19 infection. Results Previous infection during Omicron BA- or XBB-dominant phases was associated with a significantly lower infection risk during the XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 dominant phase than infection-naïve with 70% and 100% protection, respectively, whereas Omicron BA bivalent vaccination showed no association. Preinfection-neutralizing titers against XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 were 39% (95%CI: 8–60) and 28% (95%CI: 8–44), respectively, lower in cases than in matched controls. Neutralizing activity against XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1. were somewhat detectable in the sera of individuals with previous infection but barely detectable in those who were infection-naïve and received the Omicron bivalent vaccine. Conclusions In the era when the Omicron XBB vaccine was unavailable, the Omicron BA bivalent vaccine did not confer the neutralizing activity and protection against Omicron XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 symptomatic infection. The previous infection afforded neutralizing titers and protection against symptomatic infection with these variants.
期刊介绍:
Open Forum Infectious Diseases provides a global forum for the publication of clinical, translational, and basic research findings in a fully open access, online journal environment. The journal reflects the broad diversity of the field of infectious diseases, and focuses on the intersection of biomedical science and clinical practice, with a particular emphasis on knowledge that holds the potential to improve patient care in populations around the world. Fully peer-reviewed, OFID supports the international community of infectious diseases experts by providing a venue for articles that further the understanding of all aspects of infectious diseases.