Parker LaMascus, Meagan B. Elinski, Daniel Delghandi, Pranjal Nautiyal, Julia Griffin, Lei Zheng, Andrew Jackson, Robert J. Wiacek, Robert W. Carpick
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引用次数: 0
摘要
抗磨添加剂可为齿轮箱、轴承和其他摩擦界面提供节能润滑。我们对氧化锆(ZrO2)纳米晶体添加剂进行了研究,这种添加剂很容易在摩擦接触中形成保护性三膜。我们之前的研究表明,在全配方碳氢化合物齿轮油中,ZrO2 与基于 S 和 P 的辅助添加剂具有协同抗磨损性能。在这里,我们通过研究 ZrO2 三膜的生长动力学(包括共添加剂的影响)来扩展这项工作。在混合滚动-滑动接触的边界润滑机制中,氧化锆三膜生长的初始阶段很快就会被去除过程所取代,而这一现象的重要性在之前的工作中并未引起注意。三膜去除会影响三膜的稳态厚度和形态及其生长动力学。S 基和 P 基共添加剂融入 ZrO2 三膜中,改变了生长和去除过程之间的竞争,提高了每个接触周期的初始净生长率,使最终界面更加光滑。这项工作强调了去除过程在决定三膜抗磨损性能方面的重要性,并提出了使用共添加剂改善三膜生长动力学的几种途径。
Competition Between Growth and Removal in Zirconia Nanocrystal-Derived Tribofilms: The Role of Co-additives
Antiwear additives permit energy-efficient lubrication of gearboxes, bearings, and other tribological interfaces. We study zirconia (ZrO2) nanocrystal additives, which readily form protective tribofilms in tribological contacts. Our prior work demonstrated cooperative antiwear performance between ZrO2 and the S- and P-based co-additives in fully formulated hydrocarbon gear oils. Here, we extend that work by examining the growth kinetics of the ZrO2 tribofilms, including the influence of the co-additives. In the boundary lubrication regime for mixed rolling-sliding contacts, the initial phase of ZrO2 tribofilm growth is soon overtaken by removal processes, phenomena whose importance has gone unnoticed in prior work. Tribofilm removal affects the steady-state thickness and morphology of the tribofilm as well as its growth kinetics. The S- and P-based co-additives are incorporated into the ZrO2 tribofilm, and alter the competition between the growth and removal processes, increasing initial net growth rates per contact cycle and contributing to a more polished final interface. This work highlights the significance of removal processes in determining tribofilm antiwear performance, and suggests several routes for improving tribofilm growth kinetics using co-additives.
期刊介绍:
Tribology Letters is devoted to the development of the science of tribology and its applications, particularly focusing on publishing high-quality papers at the forefront of tribological science and that address the fundamentals of friction, lubrication, wear, or adhesion. The journal facilitates communication and exchange of seminal ideas among thousands of practitioners who are engaged worldwide in the pursuit of tribology-based science and technology.