Nancy Mwende Munyoki, James Muthomi, Dora Kilalo, David Bautze, Milka Kiboi, Edwin Mwangi, Edward Karanja, Felix Matheri, Noah Adamtey, Komivi S. Akutse, Xavier Cheseto
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We identified and quantified the secondary metabolites associated with insecticidal activity using spectrophotometry and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The plant combinations included PE1 (<jats:italic>C. frutescens + A. sativum + L. camara</jats:italic> + <jats:italic>T. minuta</jats:italic> extracts infused for 14 days), PE2 (same as PE1 but infused for 24 h) and PE + N (the five plant extracts infused for 24 h) in distilled water. We used an organic commercial botanical (Pyneem) as a positive control and distilled water as a negative control. Pyneem and PE + N induced the highest mortality at 88% and 77%, respectively, in the laboratory, and 68% and 71%, respectively, in the screenhouse. Phenolics, terpenoids and organosulfur compounds were identified in PE + N and individual plant extracts in varied quantities. These compounds were significantly higher (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001) in PE + N compared to individual plant extracts. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
豆花蓟马(Megalurothrips usitatus)是法国豆(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)的主要害虫。小规模农户使用混合植物提取物来防治这种害虫,但其功效尚未得到科学验证。我们在实验室和筛房中评估了由辣椒、薤白、香茶菜、万寿菊和 Azadirachta indica 组成的混合植物提取物对法国豆角虫的功效。我们采用分光光度法和液相色谱-质谱法(LC-MS)对与杀虫活性相关的次生代谢物进行了鉴定和定量。植物组合包括 PE1(将 C. frutescens + A. sativum + L. camara + T. minuta 的提取物浸泡 14 天)、PE2(与 PE1 相同,但浸泡 24 小时)和 PE + N(将五种植物提取物浸泡 24 小时)。我们使用一种有机商业植物药(Pyneem)作为阳性对照,蒸馏水作为阴性对照。在实验室中,Pyneem 和 PE + N 诱导的死亡率最高,分别为 88% 和 77%,在筛房中分别为 68% 和 71%。在 PE + N 和单个植物提取物中发现了不同数量的酚类、萜类和有机硫化合物。与单个植物提取物相比,PE + N 中的这些化合物含量明显更高(p < 0.001)。研究表明,PE + N 能有效防治豆花蓟马,混合使用不同的植物提取物能提高次生代谢物的含量。混合植物提取物的使用可纳入豆科植物蓟马害虫综合防治策略。应进一步研究 PE + N 中发现的特定化合物,以了解它们对害虫的作用模式。
Scientific validation of plant extracts used by farmers in the management of bean flower thrips on French beans in Kenya
Bean flower thrips (Megalurothrips usitatus) is a major French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) pest. Small‐scale farmers manage the pest using mixed plant extracts although their efficacy has not been scientifically validated. We evaluated the efficacy of mixed plant extracts comprising; Capsicum frutescens, Allium sativum, Lantana camara, Tagetes minuta and Azadirachta indica, against M. usitatus under laboratory and screenhouse. We identified and quantified the secondary metabolites associated with insecticidal activity using spectrophotometry and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The plant combinations included PE1 (C. frutescens + A. sativum + L. camara + T. minuta extracts infused for 14 days), PE2 (same as PE1 but infused for 24 h) and PE + N (the five plant extracts infused for 24 h) in distilled water. We used an organic commercial botanical (Pyneem) as a positive control and distilled water as a negative control. Pyneem and PE + N induced the highest mortality at 88% and 77%, respectively, in the laboratory, and 68% and 71%, respectively, in the screenhouse. Phenolics, terpenoids and organosulfur compounds were identified in PE + N and individual plant extracts in varied quantities. These compounds were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in PE + N compared to individual plant extracts. The study showed that PE + N efficiently manages bean flower thrips, and mixing different plant extracts amplifies the secondary metabolites' abundance. The use of mixed plant extracts could be incorporated into integrated pest management strategies for thrips management in legumes. The specific compounds identified in PE + N should be investigated further to understand their modes of action against the pest.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Applied Entomology publishes original articles on current research in applied entomology, including mites and spiders in terrestrial ecosystems.
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