要减轻未来全球 PM2.5 空气污染,实现世界卫生组织的目标,就必须大力减排氮气

IF 15.1 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Yixin Guo, Lin Zhang, Wilfried Winiwarter, Hans J.M. van Grinsven, Xiaolin Wang, Ke Li, Da Pan, Zehui Liu, Baojing Gu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

氮氧化物(NOx)和氨气(NH3)是目前全球细颗粒物(PM2.5)污染的主要来源。它们未来的作用尚不明确,而且与背景排放的相互作用也使其变得复杂。在这里,我们展示了在气候减缓情景下,到 2050 年,假设逐步淘汰人为 NH3 排放将使当地 PM2.5 降低 20%-60%,并且比逐步淘汰氮氧化物更有效。在许多地区,减少 25% 的 NH3 反而不如减少 25% 的 NOx 有效。未来清洁能源转型带来的氮氧化物和二氧化硫的减少将使二次无机气溶胶形成的非线性化学机制向 NH3 饱和状态转变。尽管对许多地区而言,氮氧化物控制仍在技术可行性范围内,但越晚安装 NH3 控制装置,所需的减排量就越大,才能有效。减少氮仍然有助于实现世界卫生组织的 PM2.5 指导目标,而 NH3 控制则需要尽早进行。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Ambitious nitrogen abatement is required to mitigate future global PM2.5 air pollution toward the World Health Organization targets

Ambitious nitrogen abatement is required to mitigate future global PM2.5 air pollution toward the World Health Organization targets

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) and ammonia (NH3) contribute substantially to current global fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution. Their future role remains unclear and is complicated by interactions with background emissions. Here, we show that under climate mitigation scenarios, by 2050, a hypothetical phaseout of anthropogenic NH3 emissions would reduce PM2.5 by 20%–60% locally and be more effective than phasing out NOx. Reducing NH3 by 25%, instead, would be less effective than 25% NOx reduction for many regions. Future reductions of NOx and sulfuric dioxides from clean energy transitions would shift the nonlinear chemical regime of secondary inorganic aerosol formation toward NH3 saturation. The later NH3 controls are installed, the deeper the required reductions will be to be effective, although for many regions such levels are still within technical feasibility, while NOx controls will always remain effective. Nitrogen reductions remain useful for achieving the World Health Organization guideline target for PM2.5, and NH3 controls need to happen sooner rather than later.

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来源期刊
One Earth
One Earth Environmental Science-Environmental Science (all)
CiteScore
18.90
自引率
1.90%
发文量
159
期刊介绍: One Earth, Cell Press' flagship sustainability journal, serves as a platform for high-quality research and perspectives that contribute to a deeper understanding and resolution of contemporary sustainability challenges. With monthly thematic issues, the journal aims to bridge gaps between natural, social, and applied sciences, along with the humanities. One Earth fosters the cross-pollination of ideas, inspiring transformative research to address the complexities of sustainability.
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