Solar Thermal Plasmonic Absorber Design Using Graphene-Based Zr-Fe-Ti Materials for Industrial and Household Applications

The need for heating in household and industry is increasing, and this demand can be met with renewable energy using solar thermal absorbers. In the developing design construction, the three appropriate layers have been composed to perform a good solar absorber with different types of materials such as zirconium (Zr) as the resonator design, iron (Fe) used as the substrate section, and the ground titanium (Ti). With the help of a thin graphene layer addition, the current solar absorber improved the radiation observed and can able to extract the ultraviolet (UV) area, visible (V) regime, and also middle-infrared (MI) region. With the exact number of wavelengths and bandwidth expression, more than 97% of the rate has been extracted from 0.2 to 1.1 µm for 900-nm bandwidth, higher than 95% is 600-nm bandwidth between 0.1- and 1.7-µm wavelength, and the whole range of 2800-nm band rate is 90.43% respectively. To study the varied absorption rates in accentuation, the best four wavelengths of 0.2, 0.48, 0.81, and 1.21 µm are selected. To present the current work systematically, we divided the several sections into design and parameters, results and discussions, and conclusion. The current graphene-based absorber of Zr-Fe-Ti can be applied in warm builds, water heating systems, space heating, distillation, drying, and so on. Moreover, a large area of industrial heating process and artificial photosynthesis can be used.