A method for determining the spatial pattern of forest trees based on the uniformity theory

The spatial pattern of trees is an important feature of forests, and different spatial patterns of trees exhibit different ecological stability. Research has confirmed that natural forests with random patterns have higher biodiversity and stronger resistance to unstable factors such as pests and diseases. Even if they are disturbed or destroyed by unstable factors such as pests and diseases, they can still recover and rescue themselves; while artificial forests with uniform and clustered patterns have lower biodiversity and are susceptible to unstable factors such as pests and diseases. And once pests and diseases occur, it’s more difficult for them to recover. In order to promote the healthy and stable development of the forestry industry and protect the diversity of the biological environment, it is necessary to protect the random pattern of natural forests from being destroyed in the process of forest management, while effectively transforming the spatial pattern of artificial forests into a random pattern. Therefore, in order to ensure the convenient and accurate determination of the type of forest spatial pattern, research on methods for determining forest spatial pattern has become particularly important. Based on the theory of uniformity, this study proposes definitions and related theories of included exclusive sphere, included exclusive body, included random pattern, and included uniformity. Under the guidance of the definition of inclusion uniformity and related theories, and by using mathematical method, it is proved that the uniformity of inclusion (CL) is asymptotically subject to the Eq. 18, Therefore, the relationship between the included uniformity (CL) and the number of trees in the sample plot was established, and the corresponding relationship formula was obtained, and then the determination of the spatial pattern type of trees was completed by using the corresponding relationship formula. Through rigorous reasoning and case verification, the determination method of forest spatial pattern is effective.