Fabrication of FeCu/CC composite for efficient removal of nitrate for aqueous solution via electrochemical reduction process

The electrochemical nitrate reduction (ENR) for the conversion of nitrate to nitrogen gas is a significant strategy to remediate the eutrophication in surface water. However, the exploitations and practical applications of suitable electrocatalysts still face great challenges. In this study, FeCu bimetal microparticles were deposited onto surface of carbon cloth (CC) to fabricate the FeCu/CC electrocatalyst for the removal of nitrate. Among obtained catalysts, the sample with Fe/Cu molar ratio of 1:15 (Fe1Cu15/CC) exhibits the excellent electroreduction efficiency for nitrate removal (R(NO3‐), > 90%) but an ineffective selectivity of N2 formation (S(N2), ~23%). After the anchor of reduced graphite oxide (rGO) to surface of Fe1Cu15/CC, at the optimized condition without the assistance of chlorine oxidation, R(NO3‐) and S(N2) of rGO/Fe1Cu15/CC catalyst reach 94.2% and 72.8%. After 5‐day endurance test, the values of R(NO3‐) and S(N2) are still 82.9% and 62.8%, demonstrating the promising durability of this catalyst electrode. Meanwhile, the potential application of rGO/Fe1Cu15/CC was explored for the treatment of simulated wastewater discharged by urban wastewater treatment plant, the concentration of total nitrogen (TN) decreases from 15 to 1.17 mg/L, and this value is lower than TN threshold limit in Class IV of Chinese surface water quality standard.