大豆播种日期影响土壤测试值与谷物产量之间的关系

IF 2.4 3区 农林科学 Q2 SOIL SCIENCE
Marcos Harm Loman, Connor N. Sible, Frederick E. Below
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引用次数: 0

摘要

美国中西部的许多大豆 [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] 种植者依赖土壤测试值来评估作物的肥料需求。然而,伊利诺伊州的临界值是在 20 世纪 60 年代根据大豆产量校准的,当时的生产系统和产量潜力与现在大不相同。本研究的目的是确定哪些土壤测试值可以预测未施肥大豆的产量,以及预测效果如何。研究人员分析了从 2014 年到 2021 年伊利诺伊州 133 项试验中收集的播种前土壤样本的 14 种化学属性,并将其与这些研究中的未施肥大豆谷物产量进行了比较。利用皮尔逊相关系数 (r)、主因子分析和潜变量回归模型来确定与谷物产量和产量成分关系最密切的土壤属性。根据播种日期与产量的相关性(r = -0.56),将数据集分为五个播种日期组。土壤肥力水平与晚播或极晚播种植组的产量密切相关,但与早播或极早播种植组无关。对土壤特性进行因子分析的结果是,各种植日期组基本保留了两个因子,即土壤有机质和土壤肥力。这些因子与产量的回归结果证实,土壤肥力对晚播大豆谷物产量的影响大于早播大豆,而且这些差异与平均种子重量有关。因此,将晚播大豆种植在肥力较高的田块,而将早播大豆种植在肥力较低的田块,可以减少补充施肥的需要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Soybean planting date affects the relationships between soil test values and grain yield
Many soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] growers in the US Midwest rely on soil test values for evaluating the crop's fertilizer needs. However, threshold values for Illinois were calibrated to soybean yield in the 1960s when the production systems and yield potential were much different than today. The objective of this study was to determine which and how well soil test values predict yield of unfertilized soybean. Preplant soil samples, collected from 133 trials across Illinois from 2014 to 2021, were analyzed for 14 chemical attributes and compared to unfertilized soybean grain yields from those same studies. Pearson correlation coefficients (r), principal factor analysis, and latent variable regression models were used to determine those soil attributes most closely associated with grain yield and yield components. The association of planting date and yield (r = −0.56) led to dividing the data set into five planting date groups. Soil fertility levels resulted in a strong correlation with yield for Late or Very‐late planting groups, but not for the Early or Very‐early groups. A factor analysis of soil attributes largely resulted in retention of two factors, identified as Soil Organic Charge and Soil Fertility, across the planting‐date groups. Regression of these factors with yield confirmed that soil fertility had a greater influence on grain yield for late‐planted soybeans than early‐planted and that these differences were associated with average seed weight. Therefore, positioning late‐planted soybeans in higher fertility fields and early‐planted soybeans in lower‐fertility fields could reduce the need for supplemental fertilization.
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来源期刊
Soil Science Society of America Journal
Soil Science Society of America Journal 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
3.40%
发文量
130
审稿时长
3.6 months
期刊介绍: SSSA Journal publishes content on soil physics; hydrology; soil chemistry; soil biology; soil biochemistry; soil fertility; plant nutrition; pedology; soil and water conservation and management; forest, range, and wildland soils; soil and plant analysis; soil mineralogy, wetland soils. The audience is researchers, students, soil scientists, hydrologists, pedologist, geologists, agronomists, arborists, ecologists, engineers, certified practitioners, soil microbiologists, and environmentalists. The journal publishes original research, issue papers, reviews, notes, comments and letters to the editor, and book reviews. Invitational papers may be published in the journal if accepted by the editorial board.
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